The etiology of recent pepper anthracnose outbreaks in Florida

Harp, Tyler L.; Pernezny, Ken; Ivey, Melanie L. Lewis; Miller, Sally A.; Kuhn, Paul J.; Datnoff, L. E.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2008.05.006

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Two other species causing anthracnose on pepper, C. capsici and C. coccodes, are reported predominately from Asia and New Zealand, respectively (Hong & Hwang 1998;Johnston & Jones 1997). Although C. capsici was found on pepper in Mississippi (Roy et al 1997), neither it nor any other species was identified in more recent studies (Harp et al 2008;Lewis-Ivey et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preparation of inoculum Colletotrichum acutatum isolate HB05 isolated from a green pepper fruit was selected as representative of the largely clonal population described by morphological and molecular methods in a previous study (Harp et al 2008). Inoculum was prepared by growing on potato dextrose agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA) at 20°C under continuous lighting for 7 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, C. gloeosporioides was only isolated from ripened (red colored) fruit found primarily in older, often abandoned, mature pepper fields, whereas C. acutatum isolates were recovered from unripe (green) fruit from plants at all growth stages, including very small fruits (Harp et al 2008). Previously, anthracnose caused by C. acutatum on green pepper fruit was reported from Ohio (Lewis-Ivey et al 2004), Virginia (Marvel et al 2003) and Georgia (Harp et al 2008). Two other species causing anthracnose on pepper, C. capsici and C. coccodes, are reported predominately from Asia and New Zealand, respectively (Hong & Hwang 1998;Johnston & Jones 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early anthracnose was proposed as a common name for the disease that occurs on immature (green) bell pepper fruit (Fig. 1A) to distinguish it from 'ripe-rot' anthracnose (Harp et al 2008). Early anthracnose has the potential to greatly impact bell pepper production since immature fruit constitutes the largest portion of the crop grown in Florida.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, two species of Colletotrichum, C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides, identified using morphology, growth characteristics, and polymerase chain reaction amplification with ITS species-specific primers were identified on pepper fruit collected predominately in Florida fields (Harp et al 2008). Interestingly, C. gloeosporioides was only isolated from ripened (red colored) fruit found primarily in older, often abandoned, mature pepper fields, whereas C. acutatum isolates were recovered from unripe (green) fruit from plants at all growth stages, including very small fruits (Harp et al 2008). Previously, anthracnose caused by C. acutatum on green pepper fruit was reported from Ohio (Lewis-Ivey et al 2004), Virginia (Marvel et al 2003) and Georgia (Harp et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management and cross-infectivity potential of Colletotrichum acutatum causing anthracnose on bell pepper in Florida

et al. 2013

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Early anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum has become an increasingly serious disease on green, unripe bell pepper fruit in Florida. This contrasts with earlier reports of anthracnose occurring on bell pepper primarily as a ripe-rot disease of mature, colored pepper fruit caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Management of anthracnose on green bell pepper fruit using fungicides and a commercial inducer of systemic acquired resistance, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), was evaluated during three seasons. In two of the three trials, all the fungicides tested including azoxystrobin, fludioxonil + cyprodinil, mancozeb, famoxadone + cymoxanil, copper hydroxide, and ASM significantly increased the number of marketable fruit compared with control plants. These trials identified fungicides that could contribute to a successful pest management program on pepper for controlling anthracnose caused by C. acutatum. The cross-infectivity potential of C. acutatum was investigated on tomato and strawberry by in vitro and field inoculation. Anthracnose lesions formed readily on wound-inoculated detached fruits of all hosts in in vitro assays. Under field conditions, after inoculation, anthracnose lesions occurred on pepper fruit but no lesions of anthracnose were found on either ripe or unripe tomato or strawberry fruit in adjacent plots.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management and cross-infectivity potential of Colletotrichum acutatum causing anthracnose on bell pepper in Florida

et al. 2013

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Utility of internally transcribed spacer region ofrDNA(ITS) andβ‐tubulin gene sequences to infer genetic diversity and migration patterns ofColletotrichum truncatuminfectingCapsicumspp.

Rampersad

Ramdial

Rampersad

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Anthracnose is among the most economically important diseases affecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) production in the tropics and subtropics. Of the three species of Colletotrichum implicated as causal agents of pepper anthracnose, C. truncatum is considered to be the most destructive in agro‐ecosystems worldwide. However, the genetic variation and the migration potential of C. truncatum infecting pepper are not known. Five populations were selected for study and a two‐locus (internally transcribed spacer region, ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2, and β‐tubulin, β‐TUB) sequence data set was generated and used in the analyses. Sequences of the ITS region were less informative than β ‐tubulin gene sequences based on comparisons of DNA polymorphism indices. Trinidad had the highest genetic diversity and also had the largest effective population size in pairwise comparisons with the other populations. The Trinidad population also demonstrated significant genetic differentiation from the other populations. AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses both suggested significant genetic variation within populations more so than among populations. A consensus Maximum Likelihood tree based on β‐TUB gene sequences revealed very little intraspecific diversity for all isolates except for Trinidad. Two clades consisting solely of Trinidad isolates may have diverged earlier than the other isolates. There was also evidence of directional migration among the five populations. These findings may have a direct impact on the development of integrated disease management strategies to control C. truncatum infection in pepper.

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