The European Portuguese version of the insomnia severity index (ISI): reliability, validity and diagnostic accuracy

Abstract

body weight, height and body mass index with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and disease severity. Materials and methods: A total of 172 patients were included in the study. 81 (47,1%) were female and 91 (52,9%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 51,28; while the mean age of the women was 53,16 years and the mean age of the men was 49,60. Patients were divided into two groups according to apnea-hipopnea index (AHI). Apnea-hipopnea index < 5 was assumed as normal, while AHI 5 was assumed as OSAS. Also patients with OSAS were divided into three groups according to disease severity from mild to severe. Complete blood count (CBC) values of group with normal total AHI and group with OSAS were statistically compared.

Mental health risk factors during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

“… 20 The total scores of these assessment tools are interpreted as follows, based on the established literature: BDI, normal (0–9), mild (10–18), moderate (19–29) and severe (30–63) depression; BAI, normal (0–7), mild (8–15), moderate (16–25) and severe (26–63) anxiety; and ISI, normal (0–7), subthreshold (8–14), moderate (15–21) and severe (22–28) insomnia. We used the Portuguese versions of the BDI, 21 BAI 22 and ISI, 23 which are validated for the Portuguese population and show good psychometric properties.…”

“…Insomnia was assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), a seven-item self-reported questionnaire developed to measure the nature, severity and impact of insomnia in the past 2 weeks, using a five-point Likert scale. 20 The total scores of these assessment tools are interpreted as follows, based on the established literature: BDI, normal (0-9), mild (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), moderate (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) and severe (30-63) depression; BAI, normal (0-7), mild (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), moderate (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) and severe anxiety; and ISI, normal (0-7), subthreshold (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), moderate (15)…”

“…20 The total scores of these assessment tools are interpreted as follows, based on the established literature: BDI, normal (0-9), mild (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), moderate (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) and severe (30-63) depression; BAI, normal (0-7), mild (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), moderate (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) and severe anxiety; and ISI, normal (0-7), subthreshold (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), moderate (15)(16)(17)(18)…”

A Course on Cognitive and Behavioural Interventions for Sleep Disorders within a Master Degree Programme in Clinical and Health Psychology

“…In addition to an individual end-of-semester examination (comprising ~ 50 multiple choice questions), there is a practical written assignment developed by students in small groups. More specifically, for the practical assignment, students are invited to complete individually and in an anonymous way a sleep diary (Consensus Sleep Diary) for one to two weeks (Carney et al, 2012;Portuguese translation: Marques & Gomes, 2012), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] (Buysse et al, 1989; Portuguese version validation study: Gomes et al, 2018), a questionnaire on sleep quality plus sleep-wake schedules and durations devised by the responsible for the unit (Gomes et al, 2015;Miller-Mendes et al, 2019); the Insomnia Severity index [ISI] (Morin, 1993;Bastien et al, 2001;Portuguese version/validation: Clemente, 2007;Clemente et al, 2017;Clemente et al, 2021); the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (Broomfield & Espie, 2005;Portuguese version: Meia-via et al, 2016), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] (Johns, 1991;Portuguese version and main studies: Santos et al, 2001;Guimarães et al, 2012;Sargento et al, 2015); the Stop-Bang (Chung et al, 2008;Portuguese version/validation: Pereira et al, 2013;Reis et al, 2015); and the Composite Morningness Scale [CMS] (Smith et al, 1989; Portuguese version/successive psychometric studies: Silva et al, 1995/ Buekenhout et al, 2019Gomes, 2005;Gomes et al, 2016;Silva et al, 2016), among other possibilities. These tools are introduced gradually, accompanying the contents addressed in class, each week (e.g., the CMS is administrated following the normal inter-individual differences in sleep-wake patterns topic; the ISI is introduced during the insomnia classes).…”

What do sleep diaries tell us about patients diagnosed with chronic insomnia?

“…The items are rated according to a Likert scale that ranges from 0 to 4. The scores range from 0 to 28, and a higher score discloses a more severe problem (Bastien et al, 2001;Clemente, et al, 2017). In this study, the Portuguese version of ISI was used.…”