The Evaluation of Anosognosia in Stroke Patients

Orfei, Maria Donata; Caltagirone, Carlo; Spalletta, Gianfranco

doi:10.1159/000199466

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…It could be that right-sided stroke patients may have less awareness of their deficits [46], and thus score higher on MSE than left-sided stroke patients. Deficits at the right side are also known to influence motivational aspects of therapy [47,48]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Complaints in Chronic Stroke Patients Are Predicted by Memory Self-Efficacy rather than Memory Capacity

Aben

Ponds²,

Heijenbrok‐Kal

et al. 2011

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: Memory self-efficacy (MSE) is the belief about one’s mastery of memory functioning. In healthy elderly, memory complaints are related to MSE rather than to objectively measured memory capacity. MSE has scarcely been studied in patients that suffered a stroke. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to examine whether memory capacity and MSE can predict the presence of memory complaints in stroke patients, and (2) to study which variables are the best predictors of MSE. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 136 stroke patients (>18 months after onset) were recruited from April 2008 to November 2009. MSE was measured using the Metamemory in Adulthood questionnaire. Depression, coping and personality were measured using validated questionnaires, and memory performance was measured using the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Patients were divided into a ‘complaints’ and a ‘no complaints’ group. Results: A lower MSE score was an independent predictor of having memory complaints (adjusted odds ratio: 0.422; p = 0.000), adjusted for age and depression. The RBMT and AVLT scores did not predict the presence of memory complaints (p > 0.263). Presence of memory complaints and depression were the strongest predictors of MSE (B = –1.748, p = 0.000; B = –0.054, p = 0.000), followed by word fluency, not having a partner and side of stroke (B = 0.038, p = 0.012; B = –0.517, p = 0.082; B = –0.479, p = 0.088). Conclusions: Memory complaints are predicted by MSE rather than memory capacity. MSE memory training might be an effective training strategy for reducing memory complaints in selected chronic stroke patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Complaints in Chronic Stroke Patients Are Predicted by Memory Self-Efficacy rather than Memory Capacity

Aben

Ponds²,

Heijenbrok‐Kal

et al. 2011

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…The dependence on self-insight is a common issue with the use of self-report measures in brain-damaged patients, as insight in actual cognitive performance can be diminished or even absent after suffering from stroke (Orfei, Caltagirone, and Spalletta, 2009;Starkstein, Jorge, and Robinson, 2010). Future research on the WQ could explore the feasibility of a caregiver version to overcome full reliance on the patient's self-insight.…”

Section: Itemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Wayfinding Questionnaire as a Self-report Screening Instrument for Navigation-related Complaints After Stroke: Internal Validity in Healthy Respondents and Chronic Mild Stroke Patients

Claessen

Visser‐Meily

Rooij

et al. 2016

Arch Clin Neuropsychol

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Objective: In current stroke care, cognitive problems are usually diagnosed in a stepwise manner. More specifically, screening instruments are first applied to support healthcare professionals in deciding whether a second step (an extensive assessment) would be appropriate. None of the existing screening instruments, however, takes navigation ability into account. This is problematic, as navigation impairment after stroke has been shown to be common, more so than previously thought. The Wayfinding Questionnaire (WQ) is therefore presented as a screening instrument for navigation-related complaints after stroke. The internal validity of the WQ was investigated in two samples of participants to establish the final version. Method and Results: In Study 1, the WQ was administered in a representative sample of 356 healthy participants. Its factor structure was investigated using a principal component analysis. This procedure resulted in deletion of four items and revealed a three-factor structure: "Navigation and Orientation," "Spatial Anxiety," and "Distance Estimation". In Study 2, a confirmatory analysis was performed to directly verify the factor structure as obtained in Study 1 based on data of 158 chronic mild stroke patients. Fit indices of the confirmatory analysis indicated acceptable model fit. The reliability of the three subscales was found to be very good in both healthy participants and patients. Conclusions: These studies allowed us to determine the final version of the WQ. The results indicated that the WQ is an internally valid and reliable instrument that can be interpreted using a three-factor structure in both healthy respondents and chronic mild stroke patients.

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“…1 awareness can be measured using standardized and reliable assessment scales. 97,101 to improve awareness of visual field loss, repeated demonstration of the functional consequences of the field defect, as well as the relative improvements during treatment, might prove useful. 44 the presence of maladaptive strategies that involve head movements instead of eye movements is another factor that determines treatment duration and outcome, since such strategies interfere with the acquisition of an adaptive oculomotor strategy and delay treatment progress.…”

Section: Original Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rehabilitation of hemianopic dyslexia

Schuett

2009

Nat Rev Neurol

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Hemianopic dyslexia is a frequent and disabling functional impairment following brain injury. This form of dyslexia is an acquired reading disorder whereby patients with homonymous visual field defects have persistent and severe reading difficulties, despite having intact language functions. Hemianopic dyslexia has received little attention from researchers and clinicians, and this article is the first to review the rehabilitation of patients with the condition. In light of advances in our knowledge about the nature and causes of hemianopic dyslexia, I critically examine the available treatment methods for visual field disorders and evaluate their efficiency in alleviating hemianopic dyslexia. On the basis of the reviewed evidence, I suggest that compensatory therapies, which attempt to reorganize eye-movement control, are superior to restorative therapies, which aim at visual field restitution. For the rehabilitation of hemianopic dyslexia, I recommend a treatment protocol that involves the systematic and repetitive practice of specific eye movements for reading. Despite increasing evidence for the effectiveness of this treatment protocol, which has clinically relevant long-term benefits, the underlying mechanism of the therapeutic effect is still unclear. Indeed, more research is required to further improve the efficiency of rehabilitation in patients with hemianopic dyslexia.

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The Evaluation of Anosognosia in Stroke Patients

Cited by 54 publications

References 124 publications

Memory Complaints in Chronic Stroke Patients Are Predicted by Memory Self-Efficacy rather than Memory Capacity

Memory Complaints in Chronic Stroke Patients Are Predicted by Memory Self-Efficacy rather than Memory Capacity

The Wayfinding Questionnaire as a Self-report Screening Instrument for Navigation-related Complaints After Stroke: Internal Validity in Healthy Respondents and Chronic Mild Stroke Patients

The rehabilitation of hemianopic dyslexia

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