The Evaluation of Cardiac Complaints in Marathon Runners

Sánchez, León D.; Pereira, Jayson; Berkoff, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.09.029

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Worldwide more than 700 annual events with up to 40,000 runners are being organized (Sanchez et al 2009;Schiffer et al 2010). However, little is known about the effects of prolonged excessive exercise on the immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of dendritic cells and toll-like receptors by marathon running

et al. 2011

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The focus of this study was to assess exercise-induced alterations of circulating dendritic cell (DC) subpopulations and toll-like receptor (TLR) expression after marathon running. Blood sampling was performed in 15 obese non-elite (ONE), 16 lean non-elite (LNE) and 16 lean elite (LE) marathon runners pre- and post-marathon as well as 24 h after the race. Circulating DC-fractions were measured by flow-cytometry analyzing myeloid DCs (BDCA-1+) and plasmacytoid DCs (BDCA-2+). We further analyzed the (TLR) -2/-4/-7 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (rt-PCR/Western Blot) and the cytokines CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and oxLDL by ELISA. After the marathon, BDCA-1 increased significantly in all groups [LE (pre/post): 0.35/0.47%; LNE: 0.26/0.50% and ONE: 0.30/0.49%; all p < 0.05]. In contrast, we found a significant decrease for BDCA-2 directly after the marathon (LE: 0.09/0.01%; LNE: 0.12/0.03% and ONE: 0.10/0.02%; all p < 0.05). Levels of TLR-7 mRNA decreased in all groups post-marathon (LE 44%, LNE 67% and ONE 52%; all p < 0.01), with a consecutive protein reduction (LE 31%, LNE 52%, ONE 42%; all p < 0.05) 24 h later. IL-6 and IL-10 levels increased immediately after the run, whereas increases of TNF-α and CRP-levels were seen after 24 h. oxLDL levels remained unchanged post-marathon. In our study population, we did not find any relevant differences regarding training level or body weight. Prolonged endurance exercise induces both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, may help to prevent excessive oxidative stress. Marathon running is associated with alterations of DC subsets and TLR-expression independent of training level or body weight. Myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs are differently affected by the excessive physical stress. Immunomodulatory mechanisms seem to play a key role in the response and adaptation to acute excessive exercise.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of dendritic cells and toll-like receptors by marathon running

et al. 2011

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“…CAC scoring with CCT may be used to assess the risk of exercise-related coronary events in athletes. 74 A paucity of data exists in competitive athletes identifying the presence and severity of coronary artery disease related to athletic participation. 74,75 Associations of CAC and athletes have been described, but further investigation reveals that these studies show that prior traditional risk factors, tobacco abuse, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are not erased when one decides to increase aerobic interests.…”

Section: Coronary Artery Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Imaging of Athletes

Martinez

2015

Clinics in Sports Medicine

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“…Marathons and triathlons of all distances and obstacle courses attract an increasing number of participants every year . Amateur athletes are engaging in regular endurance training, and a proportion of these participants, with a mean age of 40‐50 years, have predisposing risk factors and may have a cardiac event during training or racing …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physiological adaptations of the heart in athletes (“athlete's heart”), risk factors for sudden cardiac death (SCD) during exercise and competitor complaints are reported in the literature . The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) first established criteria for pre‐participation screening electrocardiograms (ECG) in athletes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocardiographic changes after completion of a triathlon

et al. 2020

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Objectives:Given the increasing popularity of long-distance triathlon events among amateur athlete and the difficulty for emergency physician to address cardiovascular complaints in the context of exercise, this study aims to determine the prevalence of ECG changes after a long-distance triathlon. Methods: This prospective observational study examines the prevalence of selected standard 12-lead ECG findings, the Seattle criteria, in asymptomatic athletes before and after the completion of a long-distance triathlon. Results: Of 99 ECGs obtained prior to the race, 28 were abnormal, for a pre-race prevalence of 28.3% (95% CI [20.4, 37.8]). Of the 72 ECGs post-race, 12 were abnormal, for a post-race prevalence of 16.7% (95% CI [9.8, 26.9]). Common findings were increased QRS voltage significant for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (24 [24.2%] pre-race, 10 [14.1%] post-race), early repolarization (21 [21.2%] pre-race, 19 [26.8%] post-race), and incomplete right bundle branch block (RBBB) (8 [8.1%] pre-race, 11 [15.5%] post-race).McNemar's test showed no agreement between the ECG pre-and post-results (χ 2 = 6.54, P = .01), suggesting a possible effect of the race on ECG findings. Conclusion: Long-distance triathlon might acutely affect the ECGs findings in asymptomatic athletes, and abnormal ECG findings were common in our cohort of athletes. K E Y W O R D Sathletic heart, cardiac adaptation, electrocardiography, exercise medicine, seattle criteria

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The Evaluation of Cardiac Complaints in Marathon Runners

Cited by 12 publications

References 73 publications

Modulation of dendritic cells and toll-like receptors by marathon running

Modulation of dendritic cells and toll-like receptors by marathon running

Advanced Imaging of Athletes

Electrocardiographic changes after completion of a triathlon

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