The evaluation of methods for soil analysis under simulated scenes of crime conditions

Particle size analysis of soils under simulated scene of crime conditions: the interest of multivariate analyses

“…This could not be achieved by comparisons of parameters derived from data. For example, comparisons based on the index of variability and maximum difference [11,12], on Euclidean distances calculated between samples [7], and on other parameters [5,8] reveal similarity or dissimilarity between two samples and have been successfully used for discriminating between soil samples which originated from different sources. However, how the grain-size distribution may vary from source to the sample removed from clothes or shoes has never been investigated.…”

“…Dudley and Smalldon [11,12] have shown the value of a method based on two parameters, namely, index of variability and maximum difference, for forensic comparisons of silt particle distributions.…”

Chemical, physical and mineralogical characterization of soils from the Curitiba Metropolitan Region for forensic purpose

“…The main physical techniques normally used for forensic issues are: particle size distribution [2][3][4][5][6][7]; soil color UV-vis www.elsevier.com/locate/forsciint Available online at www.sciencedirect.com spectrum [4,8,9]; density gradient [10]; microscopical features [1]; Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) [11] and; X-ray diffraction [12].…”

X‐ray Diffraction and Rietveld Refinement in Deferrified Clays for Forensic Science

“…KEYWORDS: forensic science, rietveld method, multivariate analysis, dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate, kaolinite, gibbsite, crystallite size Soil vestiges might produce important information in criminal investigations (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), and these vestiges might be transferred and remain impregnated in the victim's or criminal's accessories such as tools, shoe soles, wheels and tires, clothes (10). Using suitable techniques, these vestiges might provide accurate information about the crime scene, through comparison with previously mapped locations and analyzed soil samples (2).…”