The Evaluation of New Methods for the Improvement of Quantitative Characteristics

Bell, Arvid; Moore, C. H.; Warren, Dhd

doi:10.1101/sqb.1955.020.01.019

Cited by 54 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…An example of using selection experiments to compare breeding schemes was reported by Bell et al (1955) at Purdue, who assessed pure-line and cross-line selection alternatives for improvement of crossbred performance, including recurrent inbreeding. While the more complex schemes had potential benefits, the use of inbreeding and selection on crossbreds as in maize was not really feasible in livestock: without selfing, inbreeding can be built up only slowly, and the high-inbreeding depression leads to much loss of lines, precluding intense selection and rapid turnover of new improved crosses; so it fell out of use.…”

Section: Selection Experiments To Check On and Develop Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Population Genetics to Animal Breeding, from Wright, Fisher and Lush to Genomic Prediction

Hill

2014

Genetics

106

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Although animal breeding was practiced long before the science of genetics and the relevant disciplines of population and quantitative genetics were known, breeding programs have mainly relied on simply selecting and mating the best individuals on their own or relatives' performance. This is based on sound quantitative genetic principles, developed and expounded by Lush, who attributed much of his understanding to Wright, and formalized in Fisher's infinitesimal model. Analysis at the level of individual loci and gene frequency distributions has had relatively little impact. Now with access to genomic data, a revolution in which molecular information is being used to enhance response with "genomic selection" is occurring. The predictions of breeding value still utilize multiple loci throughout the genome and, indeed, are largely compatible with additive and specifically infinitesimal model assumptions. I discuss some of the history and genetic issues as applied to the science of livestock improvement, which has had and continues to have major spin-offs into ideas and applications in other areas.

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Section: Selection Experiments To Check On and Develop Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Population Genetics to Animal Breeding, from Wright, Fisher and Lush to Genomic Prediction

Hill

2014

Genetics

106

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“…The genetic background of fitness components, such as mating activity, fertility and viability, is generally considered to be polygenic. Successful selection experiments have been performed for mating activity (MANNING 1961) and for components of fertility such as fecundity (BELL et al 1955). With this in mind the contribution to total phenotypic variance from other genetic systems is judged to have a realistic magnitude, being estimated to 33%, 32% and less than 51 % for fertility, mating activity and egg-adult viability, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating behaviour as a fitness component involved in maintaining allozyme polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster

åSLUND

Rasmuson

2009

Hereditas

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The components of phenotypic variation for mating activity, fertility and egg-adult viability were estimated in the leucine aminopeptidase-A and esterased allozyme systems in Drosophila melanogasfer. It was shown that variation among separate genotypes of these enzyme systems contributed considerably to the total phenotypic variation. For mating activity and fertility, 24% and 12% respectively of the total phenotypic variation was attributed to differences among allozyme genotypes, whereas for viability this component only amounted to 4%.

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“…In two separate experiments with Drosophila (Bell et al, 1955), three methods of selection to maximize heterosis were compared with conventional closed population selection based on individual and family merit. The three methods were: (1) recurrent selection to an inbred tester for specific combining ability, (2) reciprocal recurrent selection for specific combining ability and (3) inbreeding and hybridization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal Recurrent Selection for 21-Day Litter Weight of Crossbred Gilts. I. Selection Applied and Genetic Change in Reproduction of Crossbred Gilts

Young

Omtvedt

Whatley

et al. 1983

Journal of Animal Science

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SummarySix cycles of reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) between Line 8 (Duroc) and Line 9 (Beltsville No. 1) were completed at the Fort Reno Livestock Research Center, E1 Reno, Oklahoma. A randomly mated control line was maintained. Each cycle of selection required three seasons. Selection of purebred pigs (born in the second season) was based on the mean 21-d litter weight of their maternal and paternal half-sib crossbred gilts that were born in the first season and farrowed in the third season (XB21DLWT). On the average, 5.8 maternal and paternal half-sib gilts contributed to the mean XB21DLWT for each purebred individual. The average potential selection differential for XB21DLWT was 5.64 kg, but only 70.2% of this value was realized in the initial selection (3.95 kg). Disease problems and unsoundness were the primary reasons for this discrepancy. The potential, initial, final and weighted final standardized selection differentials for females averaged 61, 60, 55 and 47%, respectively, of the corresponding differentials for males. Standardized selection differentials were similar for Line 8 and Line 9. The estimate of realized heritability for XB21DLWT was .076 + .319 for the average of 8 • 9 and 9 x 8 gilts. Environ- Based on these results and considering the complexity of RRS, the increase in generation interval and the expected decline in purebred performance that theoretically should accompany successful RRS, it seems doubtful that RRS can be more beneficial than selection based on purebred performance as a method to improve productivity of crossbred gilts.

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The Evaluation of New Methods for the Improvement of Quantitative Characteristics

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Applications of Population Genetics to Animal Breeding, from Wright, Fisher and Lush to Genomic Prediction

Applications of Population Genetics to Animal Breeding, from Wright, Fisher and Lush to Genomic Prediction

Mating behaviour as a fitness component involved in maintaining allozyme polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster

Reciprocal Recurrent Selection for 21-Day Litter Weight of Crossbred Gilts. I. Selection Applied and Genetic Change in Reproduction of Crossbred Gilts

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