The evaluation of plantar pressure distribution in obese and non-obese adults

Birtane, Murat; Tuna, Hakan

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.07.008

Cited by 191 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Several recent experiments for which plantar contact areas and pressure were measured point to this suggestion. When compared to non-obese persons, obese persons generally show larger plantar contact areas 26,27 and greater mean pressure values for most anatomical landmarks tested. 27 For instance, Birtane and Tuna 27 showed that, compared to control subjects, obese subjects with BMI between 30 and 34.9 kg/m 2 exhibited significantly higher forefoot peak pressure, total plantar force and total contact area in the feet for static tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…When compared to non-obese persons, obese persons generally show larger plantar contact areas 26,27 and greater mean pressure values for most anatomical landmarks tested. 27 For instance, Birtane and Tuna 27 showed that, compared to control subjects, obese subjects with BMI between 30 and 34.9 kg/m 2 exhibited significantly higher forefoot peak pressure, total plantar force and total contact area in the feet for static tasks. In addition, during half body weight standing, Hills et al 28 reported significant increases in pressure under the heel, mid-foot and metatarsal heads II and IV for obese men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

et al. 2006

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Objective: To investigate the effect of weight loss on balance control in obese and morbid obese men. Methods: In a longitudinal and clinical intervention study, postural stability was measured with a force platform before and after weight loss in men. Weight loss was obtained in obese men (mean body mass index (BMI) ¼ 33.0 kg/m 2 ) by hypocaloric diet until resistance and in morbid obese men (mean BMI ¼ 50.5 kg/m 2 ) by bariatric surgery. Morbid obese men were tested before surgery, and 3 and 12 months after surgery when they had lost 20 and nearly 50% of initial body weight, respectively. Normal weight individuals (mean BMI ¼ 22.7 kg/m 2 ) were tested twice within a 6-to 12-month period to serve as control. Body fatness and fat distribution measures, and posturographic parameters of the center of foot pressure (CP) along the antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes for conditions with and without vision were performed in all subjects. Results: Weight loss averaged 12.3 kg after dieting and 71.3 kg after surgery. Body weight remained unchanged in the control group. After weight loss, nearly all measures of postural stability were improved with and without vision (i.e., CP speed and range in antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes). A strong linear relationship was observed between weight loss and improvement in balance control measured from CP speed (adjusted R 2 ¼ 0.65, Po0.001). Conclusion: Weight loss improves balance control in obese men and the extent of the improvement is directly related to the amount of weight loss. This should decrease the habitual greater risk of falling observed in obese individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

et al. 2006

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“…Although there is some evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis [17], there is only limited research investigating the effects of obesity on the feet of adults [18,19]. No research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of older individuals (i.e >60 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obese older adults suffer foot pain and foot-related functional limitation

Mickle

Steele

2015

Gait & Posture

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There is evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis. However, no research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of individuals older than 60 years of age. Therefore we investigated whether foot pain, foot structure, and/or foot function is affected by obesity in older adults. Three hundred and twelve Australian men and women, aged over 60 years, completed validated questionnaires to establish the presence of foot pain and health related quality of life. Foot structure (anthropometrics and soft tissue thickness) and foot function (ankle dorsiflexion strength and flexibility, toe flexor strength, plantar pressures and spatiotemporal gait parameters) were also measured. Obese participants (BMI >30) were compared to those who were overweight (BMI = 25-30) and not overweight (BMI <25). Obese participants were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of foot pain and scored significantly lower on the SF-36. Obesity was also associated with foot-related functional limitation whereby ankle dorsiflexion strength, hallux and lesser toe strength, stride/step length and walking speed were significantly reduced in obese participants compared to their leaner counterparts. Therefore, disabling foot pain and altered foot structure and foot function are consequences of obesity for older adults, and impact upon their quality of life. Interventions designed to reduce excess fat mass may relieve loading of the foot structures and, in turn, improve foot pain and quality of life for older obese individuals. ABSTRACTThere is evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis, however, no research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of individuals older than 60 years of age. Therefore we investigated whether foot pain, foot structure, and/or foot function is affected by obesity in older adults. 312 Australian men and women, aged over 60 years, completed validated questionnaires to establish the presence of foot pain and health related quality of life. Foot structure (anthropometrics and soft tissue thickness) and foot function (ankle dorsiflexion strength and flexibility, toe flexor strength, plantar pressures and spatiotemporal gait parameters) were also measured. Obese participants (BMI >30) were compared to those who were overweight (BMI = 25-30) and not overweight (BMI <25). Obese participants were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of foot pain and scored significantly lower on the SF-36. Obesity was also associated with footrelated functional limitation whereby ankle dorsiflexion strength, hallux and lesser toe strength, stride/step length and walking speed were significantly reduced in obese participants compared to their leaner counterparts. Therefore, disabling foot pain and altered f...

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“…Two studies addressed the plantar pressure analysis in the overweight adult population. One study (Hills et al, 2001) revealed higher absolute pressure peaks in almost all foot regions, while in the other study (Birtane & Tuna, 2004), overweight individuals showed higher absolute pressure peaks only in the midfoot compared with their normal-weight peers. In both studies (Birtane & Tuna, 2004;Hills et al, 2001), the participants were assessed barefoot, the midfoot and rearfoot were considered as one region, and only absolute data were analyzed.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The analyses of the three components (horizontals and vertical) of the ground reaction forces (GRF) and plantar pressures can provide useful information about the influence of overweight on the musculoskeletal system (Birtane & Tuna, 2004;Hills et al, 2002;Hills, Hennig, McDonald, & Bar-Or, 2001;Messier et al, 1996). Higher absolute GRF in healthy overweight (no pathology other than overweight) adults compared with normal-weight individuals (Browning & Kram, 2007) and a positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and absolute GRF components (anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and vertical) in older overweight adults with osteoarthritis have already been described (Messier et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Shoe Plantar Pressures and Ground Reaction Forces During Overweight Adults' Overground Walking

Castro

Abreu

Sousa

et al. 2014

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

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Purpose: Because walking is highly recommended for prevention and treatment of obesity and some of its biomechanical aspects are not clearly understood for overweight people, we compared the absolute and normalized ground reaction forces (GRF), plantar pressures, and temporal parameters of normal-weight and overweight participants during overground walking. Method: A force plate and an in-shoe pressure system were used to record GRF, plantar pressures (foot divided in 10 regions), and temporal parameters of 17 overweight adults and 17 gender-matched normal-weight adults while walking. Results: With high effect sizes, the overweight participants showed higher absolute medial-lateral and vertical GRF and pressure peaks in the central rearfoot, lateral midfoot, and lateral and central forefoot. However, analyzing normalized (scaled to body weight) data, the overweight participants showed lower vertical and anterior-posterior GRF and lower pressure peaks in the medial rearfoot and hallux, but the lateral forefoot peaks continued to be greater compared with normal-weight participants. Time of occurrence of medial-lateral GRF and pressure peaks in the midfoot occurred later in overweight individuals. Conclusions: The overweight participants adapted their gait pattern to minimize the consequences of the higher vertical and propulsive GRF in their musculoskeletal system. However, they were not able to improve their balance as indicated by medial-lateral GRF. The overweight participants showed higher absolute pressure peaks in 4 out of 10 foot regions. Furthermore, the normalized data suggest that the lateral forefoot in overweight adults was loaded more than the proportion of their extra weight, while the hallux and medial rearfoot were seemingly protected.

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The evaluation of plantar pressure distribution in obese and non-obese adults

Cited by 191 publications

References 14 publications

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

Obese older adults suffer foot pain and foot-related functional limitation

In-Shoe Plantar Pressures and Ground Reaction Forces During Overweight Adults' Overground Walking

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