The Evaluation of Serum Il-6 Changes as Proliferative Cytokines in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Before and After the Ionizing Radiotherapy

Kadir, Abdul; Retnowati, Kurnia; Akil, Muhammad; Usman, Andi Nilawati

doi:10.5539/gjhs.v10n8p55

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The results of previous showed different results. Kadir et al [25] in cohort study of 16 NPC patients also found that IL-6 levels were not affected by histopathology type. In other hand, Elhabashy [26] explained there was a correlation between NPC, IL-6 and EBV.…”

Section: Advances In Health Sciences Research Volume 46mentioning

confidence: 87%

Correlation Between Interleukin 6 with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Minangkabau Ethnic Group

Aquinas¹,

Rahman²,

Hafiz³

et al. 2021

Advances in Health Sciences Research

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumour of nasopharyngeal epithelium that has a unique distribution pattern. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is not only geographically specific but also ethnically. Some ethnic groups tend to suffer NPC. Multifactorial interactions are presumed to be the cause of NPC. One of them is interaction with interleukin 6 (IL-6). Interleukin 6 is a glycoprotein that not only links between chronic inflammation and progression of the tumour, but also a role as an important regulator to immune response and the growth factor of NPC. This study aimed to determine the correlation of IL-6 with NPC in the Minangkabau ethnic group. This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional comparative study. A total of 21 plasma of NPC patients of the Minangkabau ethnic group and 21 plasma sex and aged-matched ±3 years controls participated in this study. Plasma IL-6 levels were measured with ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). All data were subjected to a normality test with Shapiro Wilk and a log 10 transformation test. Then performed an independent t-test in both groups. The plasma level of IL-6 in the NPC group was higher (46.16±73.10pg/ml) than the plasma control group (23.16±25.84pg/ml), but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05).

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Section: Advances In Health Sciences Research Volume 46mentioning

confidence: 87%

Correlation Between Interleukin 6 with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Minangkabau Ethnic Group

Aquinas¹,

Rahman²,

Hafiz³

et al. 2021

Advances in Health Sciences Research

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show abstract

“…However, local recurrence and distant metastasis are still the leading causes of death among NPC patients [ 6 ]. Chronic inflammation participates in the development, recurrence, and metastasis of malignant tumors, and is one of the important characteristics of NPC [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In the tumor microenvironment, chronic inflammation can induce the enrichment of inflammatory factors and promotes tumor recurrence, chemotherapy resistance, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin Suppresses Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through Blocking the Activation of NF-κB and STAT3 Signaling

Zhang

Du²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Adiponectin is an adipocytokine with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Our previous study has shown that blood adiponectin levels were inversely correlated to the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and that adiponectin could directly suppress the proliferation of NPC cells. However, the effect of adiponectin on NPC metastasis remains unknown. Here, we revealed in clinical studies that serum adiponectin level was inversely correlated with tumor stage, recurrence, and metastasis in NPC patients, and that low serum adiponectin level also correlates with poor metastasis-free survival. Coculture with recombinant adiponectin suppressed the migration and invasion of NPC cells as well as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, recombinant adiponectin dampened the activation of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways induced by adipocyte-derived proinflammatory factors such as leptin, IL-6, and TNF-α. Pharmacological activation of adiponectin receptor through its specific agonist, AdipoRon, largely stalled the metastasis of NPC cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that adiponectin could not only regulate metabolism and inhibit cancer growth, but also suppress the metastasis of NPC. Pharmacological activation of adiponectin receptor may be a promising therapeutic strategy to stall NPC metastasis and extend patients’ survival.

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“…The target of radiotherapy is to damage the DNA in the nucleus of carcinoma cells which will result in damage or decreased ability to proliferate. As described above, the majority of NPC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, this causes 85% of the sufferers to die (Kadir, Retnowati, Akil, & Usman, 2018). Despite advances in radiotherapy, the presence of metastases in NPC is the cause of radiotherapy failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of IL-6 and TNF-Alfa Serum Levels in Pre and Post Radiotherapy Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients at the NTB Provincial Hospital

Annisa

2021

KESANS

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is often found in Asia, especially in South and Southeast China, with Indonesia being the fourth most common malignancy after breast cancer, cervical cancer, and lung cancer. NPC can generally be diagnosed only in the late stages, so it can increase morbidity and mortality. One of the recommendations for therapy for NPC is radiotherapy, but radiotherapy still fails due to a chronic inflammatory process involving several inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-Alfa. Cytokines play a role in various signaling pathways that can lead to increased proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and inhibit apoptosis and even have an effect on resistance to therapy in many cancer cells, especially NPC. A good understanding of this pro-inflammatory cytokine, is expected to improve the prognosis in NPC patients in the future, knowing serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-Alfa pre and post radiotherapy. This is a preliminary study or literature study before the main study is conducted. Sources include scientific journals accessed through an online portal, namely NCBI. Poor prognosis in NPC patients with high serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-Alfa. The higher the levels of IL-6 and TNF-Alfa in post-radiotherapy NPC patients, the worse the condition is because these pro-inflammatory cytokines can activate various signaling pathways.

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The Evaluation of Serum Il-6 Changes as Proliferative Cytokines in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Before and After the Ionizing Radiotherapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Correlation Between Interleukin 6 with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Minangkabau Ethnic Group

Correlation Between Interleukin 6 with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Minangkabau Ethnic Group

Adiponectin Suppresses Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through Blocking the Activation of NF-κB and STAT3 Signaling

Comparison of IL-6 and TNF-Alfa Serum Levels in Pre and Post Radiotherapy Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients at the NTB Provincial Hospital

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