The evaluation of some photochemical smog reaction mechanisms—I. Temperature and initial composition effects

Hess, Glenn; Carnovale, F.; Cope, M.E.; Johnson, Graham

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(92)90174-j

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this case, the ratio of the ozone production rates was 8. This is comparable to outdoor smog chamber results, in which there was maximum temperature difference of approximately 22C between the experiments on a spring and winter day, and the ratios of the cumulative light intensities and consequent ozone concentrations measured in the afternoon were approximately 2.5 and 6, respectively (Hess et al, 1992).…”

Section: Experimental Correlation Between Ozone Production Rate and Lsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The ozone formed in an outdoor smog chamber experiment carried out under high irradiation in spring was approximately six times higher than that carried out under low irradiation in winter, where the cumulative light intensity on a spring day is approximately 2.5 times higher than that on a winter day, and the difference in average temperature is 22C (Hess et al, 1992). A lower temperature is believed to be associated with a lower O 3 concentration due to the increased photochemical lifetime of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a lower temperature, which acts as a sink for both NO x and radicals (Sillman, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between Light Intensity and Ozone Formation for Photochemical Smog in Urban Air of Seoul

Seung-Bok

Bae

Young-Mee

et al. 2010

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Urban residents are exposed to high levels of ozone that are produced by photochemical reactions of ambient air in strong sunlight. The potential for ozone formation of urban air needs to be characterized in order to avoid exposure to unexpectedly high ozone concentrations during the daytime. In this study, ten sets of twin smog chamber experiments were carried out to determine the correlation between light intensity and ozone formation during photochemical reactions of urban air in Seoul. Single chamber analysis revealed a higher rate of ozone production under higher irradiation than under less intense irradiation under similar initial ambient air conditions. However, the rate of ozone production showed significant variations at the same light intensity. Here, the ratio of two light intensities for both chambers was introduced as a key parameter. The ratio of ozone production was dependent on the ratio of the two light intensities according to a power function with a factor of approximately 1.8. The proposed correlation was used to predict the daytime ozone concentration for calm, clear and dry weather conditions.

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Section: Experimental Correlation Between Ozone Production Rate and Lsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Light Intensity and Ozone Formation for Photochemical Smog in Urban Air of Seoul

Seung-Bok

Bae

Young-Mee

et al. 2010

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Figure 5 indicates that all the smog-forming potential of the air mass has been exhausted at a photochemical age of about 0.7. In smog chamber simulations and captive air irradiation experiments, the smog-forming potential is also exhausted at a similar age of about 0.8 [Hess et al, 1992;Meagher et al, 1990;Kelly, 1992]. The plateau region in Figure 5 suggests that 03 formation at Giles County is in the NOx-limited regime for air mass photochemical ages greater than 0.7.…”

Section: Nox Level Is Equal To Noy Level and The Air Mass Photochem-• Amentioning

confidence: 87%

O₃ and NO_y relationships at a rural site

Olszyna¹,

Bailey²,

Simonaitis³

et al. 1994

J. Geophys. Res.

175

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Measurements of O3, NO, NO2, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), HNO3, and NOy were made during a 6‐week period in the summer of 1991 in Giles County, Tennessee. These data were analyzed to determine the factors controlling the relationship between O3 and NOy at this rural site. A strong association was observed between the O3 and NOx oxidation product (NOz = NOy ‐ NOx) levels. The higher O3 levels were associated with air masses impacted by higher NOx emissions that had been photochemically processed. An analysis of the data indicates that the ultimate O3 production is about 10 molecules of O3 produced for each molecule of NOx emitted. The analysis results also suggest that O3 net production continues until about 70% of the NOx has been converted into NOz. The PAN/HNO3 ratios observed suggest that the air masses in Giles County are composed of higher volatile organic carbon/NOx ratios than the air masses observed at other rural sites in eastern North America. A comparison of the data analysis results to model simulations and smog chamber experiments suggests that most of the time, Giles County is in an NOx‐limited regime for O3 production.

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“…In the mid-1980s, Seinfeld and colleagues at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena developed a 65 m 3 outdoor chamber made of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) Teflon film to study the aerosol formation from gas-phase precursors such as aromatic and biogenic hydrocarbons (Leone et al, 1985;Stern et al, 1987). In the subsequent three decades, outdoor and indoor chambers have been widely used to study formation of secondary pollutants such as ozone (Hess et al, 1992;Simonaitis et al, 1997;Carter, 2000;Dodge, 2000) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) (Odum et al, 1996,Paulsen et al, 2005Rollins et al, 2009) and evolution of SOA (Donahue et al, 2012). Although the aims of these smog chambers are similar, their designs and capacities vary widely, displaying larger differences in factors such as sizes, reactor wall materials and light sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and characterization of a smog chamber for studying gas-phase chemical mechanisms and aerosol formation

Wang

Liu²,

Bernard³

et al. 2014

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

103

100

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Abstract. We describe here characterization of a new stateof-the-art smog chamber facility for studying atmospheric gas-phase and aerosol chemistry. The chamber consists of a 30 m 3 fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) Teflon film reactor housed in a temperature-controlled enclosure equipped with black lamps as the light source. Temperature can be set in the range from −10 to 40 • C at accuracy of ±1 • C as measured by eight temperature sensors inside the enclosure and one just inside the reactor. Matrix air can be purified with non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) < 0.5 ppb, NO x /O 3 /carbonyls < 1 ppb and particles < 1 cm −3 . The photolysis rate of NO 2 is adjustable between 0 and 0.49 min −1 . At 298 K under dry conditions, the average wall loss rates of NO, NO 2 and O 3 were measured to be 1.41 × 10 −4 min −1 , 1.39 × 10 −4 min −1 and 1.31 × 10 −4 min −1 , respectively, and the particle number wall loss rate was measured to be 0.17 h −1 . Auxiliary mechanisms of this chamber are determined and included in the Master Chemical Mechanism to evaluate and model propene-NO x -air irradiation experiments. The results indicate that this new smog chamber can provide high-quality data for mechanism evaluation. Results of α-pinene dark ozonolysis experiments revealed secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yields comparable to those from other chamber studies, and the two-product model gives a good fit for the yield data obtained in this work. Characterization experiments demonstrate that our Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy Sciences (GIG-CAS), smog chamber facility can be used to provide valuable data for gas-phase chemistry and secondary aerosol formation.

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The evaluation of some photochemical smog reaction mechanisms—I. Temperature and initial composition effects

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

Correlation between Light Intensity and Ozone Formation for Photochemical Smog in Urban Air of Seoul

Correlation between Light Intensity and Ozone Formation for Photochemical Smog in Urban Air of Seoul

O₃ and NO_y relationships at a rural site

Design and characterization of a smog chamber for studying gas-phase chemical mechanisms and aerosol formation

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The evaluation of some photochemical smog reaction mechanisms—I. Temperature and initial composition effects

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

Correlation between Light Intensity and Ozone Formation for Photochemical Smog in Urban Air of Seoul

Correlation between Light Intensity and Ozone Formation for Photochemical Smog in Urban Air of Seoul

O3 and NOy relationships at a rural site

Design and characterization of a smog chamber for studying gas-phase chemical mechanisms and aerosol formation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

O₃ and NO_y relationships at a rural site