The Evaluation of Two Death Education Programs for EMTs Using theTheory of Planned Behavior

Abstract

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two death education programs by comparing pretest and posttest scores of behavioral intentions and (reported) behavior of EMTs when at the scene of a death. After the interventions, the majority of EMTs intended to change their behavior at the scene of a death when compared to the control group. In a three-month follow-up study, the majority of EMTs who received the intervention (and made a death notification) changed their behavior. In this sample, these programs were effective in changing the behavioral intentions of EMTs.

Death Education and Attitudes of Counselors‐in‐Training Toward Death: An Exploratory Study

“…Three themes emerged: an increased openness to looking at death constructs, greater understanding of personal beliefs regarding death in general and one's own death, and a reduction in negative emotional state in the form of the participant's fear of death. These findings are in line with past research that found positive effects of death education on comfort and coping of participants (Bugen, 1980;Servaty & Hayslip, 1997;Smith-Cumberland, 2006;Wong, 2009).…”

“…In a review of the literature, no studies were identified that addressed the usefulness of death education in assessing death attitudes of counselors-in-training. In studies involving other vocations (e.g., college students, nursing, physicians, and emergency medical technicians [EMTs]), death education on changing death attitudes and behavior and reducing death anxiety has produced positive and negative outcomes as well as mixed results (e.g., Bugen, 1980;Hurtig & Stewin, 1990;Johansson & Lally, 1990;Knight & Elfenbein, 1993;Maglio & Robinson, 1994;Servaty & Hayslip, 1997;Smith-Cumberland, 2006;Wong, 2009). Positive effects of death education include participants reporting more comfort and increased coping while addressing death and dying with others.…”

Effects of a Death Education Program on Life Satisfaction and Attitude toward Death in College Students

“…그 후 노령 인구의 증가와 평균수명의 연장으로 노화와 죽음에 대한 관심 이 더욱 증가하게 되어 (Jang, 2004) (Higgins, 1999;Smith-Cumberland, 2006).…”

The effect of a role-playing exercise on clerkship students' views of death notification: the Swedish experience

“…A large number of studies have shown that educational programs have improved students' experience, confidence and competence of death notification. 9,11,25,26 After involving in the death notification role-play exercise, students valued the opportunity to learn how to complete the death notification process. The students also expressed the importance of having an opportunity to be trained in communication skills, particularly imparting death notifications before they are faced with communicating death notifications.…”

“…To date, very few exercises in death notifications have been evaluated. [9][10][11] To address the need for education in death notification for medical students, the Marathon Death, an experiential learning exercise that integrates valuable exercises and socioanalytic role-play, was created at the medical facility at Umeå University in Sweden as a method for illustrating and solving problems in human relations. In our context, it is used to teach and train medical students in delivering death notifications.…”