The EVIDENT diet quality index is associated with cardiovascular risk and arterial stiffness in adults

Rodríguez‐Martín, Carmela; Alonso-Domínguez, Rosario; Patino-Alonso, María C.; Gómez‐Marcos, Manuel A.; Maderuelo‐Fernández, José Ángel; Martín-Cantera, Carlos

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4194-y

Cited by 14 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We did not find any relationship between adherence to MedDiet and AS in our prepubescent MHO population. This finding is in contrast to previous studies, which show a negative correlation between AS and a healthy lifestyle based on MedDiet and physical activity in both adults [ 44 , 45 , 46 ] and children [ 4 ]. Furthermore, a lifestyle modification program in obese youth may improve AS along with reducing HOMA-IR [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Presence of Arterial Stiffness in the Prepubescent Population

Ruiz-Moreno

Vilches-Pérez

Gallardo-Escribano

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Aim: Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, one of the world’s leading causes of death, first manifests itself at an early age. The identification of children who may have increased cardiovascular risk in the future could be an important prevention strategy. Our aim was to assess the clinical, analytical, and dietary variables associated with arterial stiffness (AS), measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in a prepubescent population with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study in prepubescent subjects with obesity who had ≤1 metabolic syndrome criteria (abdominal perimeter and blood pressure ≥90th percentile, triglycerides >150 mg/dL, HDL-cholesterol <40 mg/dL, fasting plasma glucose ≥100 mg/dL) was conducted. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, blood pressure, BMI, waist/height ratio (WHtR), glycemic status, lipid profile, and cfPWV were analyzed. 75 MHO children (boys: 43; girls: 32; p = 0.20) (age = 10.05 ± 1.29 years; BMI = 25.29 ± 3.5 kg/m2) were included. Results: We found a positive correlation between cfPWV and weight (r = 0.51; p < 0.0001), BMI (r = 0.44; p < 0.0001), WHtR (r = 0.26; p = 0.02), fasting insulin levels (r = 0.28; p = 0.02), and insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index) (r = 0.25; p = 0.04). Multiple linear regression analysis identified BMI and HOMA-IR as independent parameters associated with cfPWV. Conclusions: Prepubescent children with obesity who were shown to be metabolically healthy presented with arterial stiffness, which is closely related to BMI and the state of insulin resistance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Presence of Arterial Stiffness in the Prepubescent Population

Ruiz-Moreno

Vilches-Pérez

Gallardo-Escribano

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…For 7 indices, meal pattern (eg, consumption of breakfast yes or no) was included as 1 of the components 47 , 70 , 74 , 79 , 85 , 99 , 114 . Eight 43 , 48 , 51 , 59 , 100 , 101 , 108 , 110 diet quality scores separately calculate a healthy (adequacy) and unhealthy (limiting) part, such as the score from Anderson et al 59 The number and type of components included and the level of aggregation differed broadly for the listed indices, mainly depending on the target group, the intended association between the index and specific health outcome(s), and the detail of food intake data available (depending on the detail of the questionnaire used). Indices including nutrients are generally based on extensive dietary intake data collection and need valid food composition tables, which are often of limited availability in LMICs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet quality indices for research in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

et al. 2019

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Context Dietary intake research has increasingly focused on improving diet quality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Accompanying this is the need for sound metrics to assess diet quality. Objective This systematic literature review aims to describe existing diet quality indices for general populations and highlights recommendations for developing such indices for food system research in LMICs. Data sources Three electronic databases were searched for papers published between January 2008 and December 2017. Data extraction Articles published in English and describing the development of an index to measure overall diet quality, irrespective of whether they were for high-income countries or LMICs, were included. Data analysis Eighty-one indices were identified, over two thirds were based on national dietary guidelines from high-income countries. Of the 3 key diet quality dimensions, “diversity” was included in all 18 indices developed for LMICs, “moderation” was captured by most, and “nutrient adequacy” was included 4 times. Conclusions Indices need to be developed that include all dimensions, include foods and/or food groups rather than nutrients, use an optimal range for individual components in the score, and express the intake of healthy and unhealthy components separately. Importantly, validation of the index should be part of its development.

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“…This correlation, although weak, remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, quartiles of daily kilocalories intake, and quartile of PAQ-C score. Even if to our knowledge there is no study that directly correlates fast-food intake and PWV, it has already been reported that PWV is inversely associated to healthy lifestyle and Mediterranean Diet [46,47]. “The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study” collected lifestyle data from childhood and had a 27-year follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the EVIDENT cohort study, a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet—expressed as EVIDENT, a diet index derived from the FFQ—was associated to lower values of PWV [47]. In another sample including 77 12-year-old children, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was estimated by the KIDMED index and had negative results that correlated with the Augmentation Index, independent of obesity [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, and Anthropometric and Vascular Parameters in Children Attending the Primary School in the Verona South District

et al. 2019

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The aim of this school-based study was to identify the possible association between diet and physical activity, as well as the anthropometric, vascular, and gluco-lipid parameters. We administered two validated questionnaires for diet and physical activity (Food Frequency questionnaire (FFQ), Children-Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-C)) to children at four primary schools in Verona South (Verona, Italy). Specific food intake, dietary pattern, and physical activity level expressed in Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) and PAQ-C score were inserted in multivariate linear regression models to assess the association with anthropometric, hemodynamic, and gluco-lipid measures. Out of 309 children included in the study, 300 (age: 8.6 ± 0.7 years, male: 50%; Obese (OB): 13.6%; High blood pressure (HBP): 21.6%) compiled to the FFQ. From this, two dietary patterns were identified: “healthy” and “unhealthy”. Direct associations were found between (i) “fast food” intake, Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV), and (ii) animal-derived fat and capillary cholesterol, while inverse associations were found between vegetable, fruit, and nut intake and capillary glucose. The high prevalence of OB and HBP and the significant correlations between some categories of food and metabolic and vascular parameters suggest the importance of life-style modification politics at an early age to prevent the onset of overt cardiovascular risk factors in childhood.

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The EVIDENT diet quality index is associated with cardiovascular risk and arterial stiffness in adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Presence of Arterial Stiffness in the Prepubescent Population

Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Presence of Arterial Stiffness in the Prepubescent Population

Diet quality indices for research in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Relation between Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, and Anthropometric and Vascular Parameters in Children Attending the Primary School in the Verona South District

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