The Evolution From Metal Horns to Metahorns: The development of EM horns from their inception to the present day

Lier, E.; Werner, Douglas H.; Bird, Trevor S.

doi:10.1109/map.2019.2920098

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…They are distinguished by their electromagnetic properties, which differ from those given by their basic constituent as the consequence of a smart structure. Recent research led us to think that electromagnetic metamaterials can also be used in the manufacture of antennas for satellite communications [5][6][7][8][9]. Horn-antennas made of metamaterials, or meta-horns, could give a significant improvement to the state of the art in the field of feedhorn antennas with low cross-polarization and sidelobe levels, a technology that has been static for several decades owing to insurmountable limitations in the bandwidth of corrugated feedhorns [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metamaterial with applications in broad band antennas used in radio astronomy and satellite communications

Miguel

Franceschet²,

Realini³

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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Electromagnetic metamaterials at microwave frequencies are well established in industry and research. Recent work has shown how a specific kind of metallic metamaterial can contribute towards improving the performance of the feedhorn antennas used in radio astronomy and satellite telecommunications. In this article, we discuss an innovative type of meta-ring of remarkable manufacturability, able to improve the state of the art in these fields. A pioneering meta-horn antenna formed of meta-rings is then fabricated and characterized in the laboratory. It shows an excellent feature on an octave bandwidth, especially in terms of cross-polarization, a key figure of merit in both radio astronomy and telecommunications, and also side-lobe level, return-loss and gain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metamaterial with applications in broad band antennas used in radio astronomy and satellite communications

Miguel

Franceschet²,

Realini³

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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“…Different from previous works, a customized rectangular horn is proposed here as the feed. Inspired by various metalens for EM wave tailoring, [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] a gradient refractive index (GRIN) metalens is loaded inside the horn to reshape the EM fields on the aperture. In this way, the spherical wavefront inside the horn is converted into a quasiplane wave, leading to flattened amplitude and phase distributions over the aperture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Design of a Transmission‐Type Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface System for Beam‐Steering Applications

Luo

Hong

et al. 2023

Physica Rapid Research Ltrs

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Although reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted broad attention, they usually require a large scale of elements and hundreds of tunable components, particularly for beam‐steering applications. Herein, a methodology is proposed for the compact design of a transmission‐type RIS system for beam steering. The approach leverages a customized horn feed equipped with a gradient refractive index metalens to tailor the electromagnetic fields over the horn aperture, resulting in focused amplitude and uniform phase distributions. This enables us to reduce the feed‐RIS distance and significantly decrease the RIS scale using only a small number of components while still achieving acceptable beam‐steering performance. The investigations are carried out through theoretical studies, simulations, and experiments. A prototype system is fabricated as an exemplary demonstration, which occupies a volume of 3.3λ0 × 2.6λ0 × 3.5λ0, including the feed, and contains only 3 × 5 RIS elements and 60 varactors. With every single element being controlled individually by a simple network, beam‐scanning ranges of ±30° are measured on the E‐, H‐, and 45°‐planes, respectively. With the above intriguing properties, the proposal can find potential applications where miniaturization, high portability, and low cost are required for beam‐steering functions.

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“…For GEO satellite applications, typical aperture size requirements are in the range of 2.4λ0 ~ 3.4λ0, for which the aforementioned antennas fail to achieve the required RF performance. Therefore, for radiating elements with apertures larger than 2λ0 and high aperture efficiency levels, antenna options include dielectric-filled [11,12], lenscorrected [13], partly corrugated (hard) [14], metamaterialbased horns (metahorns) [15,16] or spline profile multimode horns [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Dielectric-loaded and hard horns can reach efficiency levels close to the theoretical maximum at a cost of increased height and weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quad-Furcated Profiled Horn: The Next Generation Highly Efficient GEO Antenna in Additive Manufacturing

Stoumpos

Fraysse

Goussetis

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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A novel compact and highly efficient dual-polarized horn-like antenna is presented. It exploits a radiating aperture that is fed by four smaller waveguides via a quad-furcated junction. The antenna also comprises the full feed network for the feed waveguides including an integrated 4-way orthomode power divider. Design principles are described in detail and illustrated by means of an example involving an antenna with aperture size of 2.6λ0×2.6λ0 (λ0 the wavelength at the central frequency of operation) intended primarily for Geostationary Orbit (GEO) satellites. The antenna feed was designed to comply with the Additive Manufacturing rules and exhibits aperture efficiency levels close to the theoretical maximum ones over the entire transmit Ku band (10.7 -12.75 GHz), while at the same time its profile is highly compact (6.4λ0). The measured results of a prototype 3D-printed in Selective Laser Melting (SLM) verified experimentally the calculated high aperture efficiency (over 90%). The total antenna feed attains return loss > 19 dB and maximum cross-polarization isolation (XPI) > 24 dB over a bandwidth of 18%. In light of the favorable electrical performances and compact size, the proposed solution constitutes an appealing alternative to profiled (or spline) horns for satellite antenna systems used either as reflector feeds or direct radiating arrays.

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The Evolution From Metal Horns to Metahorns: The development of EM horns from their inception to the present day

Cited by 16 publications

References 77 publications

A metamaterial with applications in broad band antennas used in radio astronomy and satellite communications

A metamaterial with applications in broad band antennas used in radio astronomy and satellite communications

Compact Design of a Transmission‐Type Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface System for Beam‐Steering Applications

Quad-Furcated Profiled Horn: The Next Generation Highly Efficient GEO Antenna in Additive Manufacturing

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