The evolution of cannabinoid receptors in cancer

Pennant, Nakea M; Hinton, Cimona V.

doi:10.1002/wsbm.1602

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(309 reference statements)

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“…Then, they divided the mice into the control group and WIN-treated group. The WIN-treated group showed significant reductions in the tumor size compared to the control group (Pennant and Hinton 2023 ).…”

Section: Cannabis In Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 82%

Cannabis and cancer: unveiling the potential of a green ally in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer

ALSalamat,

Abuarab,

Salamah

et al. 2024

J Cannabis Res

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Cancer comes in second place on the list of causes of death worldwide. In 2018, the 5-year prevalence of breast cancer (BC), prostate cancer (PC), and colorectal cancer (CRC) were 30%, 12.3%, and 10.9%, respectively. Cannabinoids are chemicals derived from the Cannabis sativa plant; the most investigated cannabinoids are cannabinol, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), and cannabidiol. In humans, the endogenous endocannabinoid system consists of endocannabinoids, cannabinoids receptors (CBs), and enzymes that degrade the endocannabinoids. In this review, we will review the most recent literature for evidence that discusses the role of cannabis in the treatment of the three types of neoplasms mentioned. Studies have proved that BC cells express CB receptors; many in-vivo studies showed that cannabinoids cause apoptosis and inhibit proliferation and migration. Also, researchers found that treating BC mice with THC and JWH-133 (CB2 receptor agonist) slowed the tumor growth. Regarding CRC, cannabidiol was found to decrease the viability of chemotherapy-resistant CRC cells and inhibit metastasis by antagonizing the G-protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55; a novel cannabinoid receptor) necessary for metastasis. Moreover, cannabidiol had anti-angiogenetic effects by reducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in addition to anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, studies demonstrated that PC cells highly express CB1 and CB2 receptors and that cannabinoids are capable of inhibiting the release of exosomes and microvesicles related to cancer progression. Cannabinoids also have antiproliferative, anti-invasive, anti-fibroblastic, cell cycle arrest, and proapoptotic effects on PC cells.

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Section: Cannabis In Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 82%

Cannabis and cancer: unveiling the potential of a green ally in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer

ALSalamat,

Abuarab,

Salamah

et al. 2024

J Cannabis Res

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“…Medical cannabinoids have demonstrated effectiveness in treating a range of diseases including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) (National Academies of Sciences, 2017), neurodegenerative disorders (Golub and Reddy, 2021), cancer (Mangal et al, 2021), anorexia, and weight loss (Bajtel et al, 2022;Pennant and Hinton, 2023). In the context of cancer, cannabinoids show promise as anticancer agents through several mechanisms:…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory and Anticancer Effects Of Cannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and cancer: friend or foe?

Turizo-Smith,

Córdoba-Hernandez,

Mejía-Guarnizo

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of pathologies like neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, since tumor development and chronic inflammation are linked, sharing common signaling pathways. At least 20% of breast and colorectal cancers are associated with chronic inflammation triggered by infections, irritants, or autoimmune diseases. Obesity, chronic inflammation, and cancer interconnection underscore the importance of population-based interventions in maintaining healthy body weight, to disrupt this axis. Given that the dietary inflammatory index is correlated with an increased risk of cancer, adopting an anti-inflammatory diet supplemented with nutraceuticals may be useful for cancer prevention. Natural products and their derivatives offer promising antitumor activity with favorable adverse effect profiles; however, the development of natural bioactive drugs is challenging due to their variability and complexity, requiring rigorous research processes. It has been shown that combining anti-inflammatory products, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and statins, with plant-derived products demonstrate clinical utility as accessible adjuvants to traditional therapeutic approaches, with known safety profiles. Pharmacological approaches targeting multiple proteins involved in inflammation and cancer pathogenesis emerge as a particularly promising option. Given the systemic and multifactorial nature of inflammation, comprehensive strategies are essential for long term success in cancer therapy. To gain insights into carcinogenic phenomena and discover diagnostic or clinically relevant biomarkers, is pivotal to understand genetic variability, environmental exposure, dietary habits, and TME composition, to establish therapeutic approaches based on molecular and genetic analysis. Furthermore, the use of endocannabinoid, cannabinoid, and prostamide-type compounds as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers requires further investigation. This review aims to elucidate the role of specific etiological agents and mediators contributing to persistent inflammatory reactions in tumor development. It explores potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, emphasizing the urgent need for cost-effective approaches to address cancer-associated inflammation.

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“…Modulation of the endocannabinoid system by targeting G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors has broad therapeutic applications ranging from pain to cancer treatment [27,28]. A series of oxazolo [5,4-d]pyrimidines (22) were designed via the bioisosterism strategy as new cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB 1 R) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB 2 R) modulators (Figure 5) [29].…”

Section: Cannabinoid Receptor Modulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magic Methyl and Its Tricks in Drug Discovery and Development

2023

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One of the key scientific aspects of small-molecule drug discovery and development is the analysis of the relationship between its chemical structure and biological activity. Understanding the effects that lead to significant changes in biological activity is of paramount importance for the rational design and optimization of bioactive molecules. The “methylation effect”, or the “magic methyl” effect, is a factor that stands out due to the number of examples that demonstrate profound changes in either pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic properties. In many cases, this has been carried out rationally, but in others it has been the product of serendipitous observations. This paper summarizes recent examples that provide an overview of the current state of the art and contribute to a better understanding of the methylation effect in bioactive small-molecule drug candidates.

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The evolution of cannabinoid receptors in cancer

Cited by 8 publications

References 102 publications

Cannabis and cancer: unveiling the potential of a green ally in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer

Cannabis and cancer: unveiling the potential of a green ally in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer

Inflammation and cancer: friend or foe?

The Magic Methyl and Its Tricks in Drug Discovery and Development

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