The evolution of cluster initiatives in Russia: the impacts of policy, life-time, proximity and innovative environment

Abstract

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Cluster Approach As An Innovative Technology Of Regional Development

“…In the Russian Federation, cluster initiatives are also beginning to emerge and develop in the territories with a special status and privileges (namely in science cities, Closed Adnistrative-Territorial Units, and special economic zones). They are formed mainly by the top-down approach, and represent an administrative mini-vertical (Kutsenko, Islankina, & Abashkin, 2017).…”

Clusters as institutional entrepreneurs: lessons from Russia

“…For clusters operating in such settings, these institutional contradictions are likely to be crucial. Indeed, in transition and emerging economies cluster policies aim at alleviating "systemic failures", i.e., inconsistencies in the institutional environment (Andersson, Schwaag Serger, Sörvik, & Wise Hansson, 2004;Kutsenko, Islankina, & Abashkin, 2017). In practice, this means that clusters are often created in a top-down manner as a solution to regional "ills", such as over-reliance on natural resources.…”

Cluster Strategies in Russia and France: Common Objectives, Specific Paths

“…According the analysis of the clusters (Kutsenko, 2015;Kutsenko et al, 2017;Zemtsov et al, 2015Zemtsov et al, , 2016, the pilot projects have mostly benefited to existing large companies, the SMEs are supported by regional clusters development centers and benefits from different services. But the SMEs very often participate in the clusters formally, in paper, but are not involved in cluster R&D projects and innovative processes, and are often excluded from higher level of cluster governance.…”

“…As already underlined, the number of applications has been comparable in the two programs, but the selection has been very severe in Russia compared to France, 27 against 71 selected projects. Nevertheless, in Russia selected clusters could spend federal subsidies mainly on improving innovative infrastructure development in territories of their location (Abashkin et al, 2012;Zemtsov et al, 2016;Kutsenko et al, 2017), when in France, the real selection has been made through R&D projects to be implemented in the Clusters. The label "Competitiveness Cluster" did not open any significant subsidies; subsidies came through a second step, the selection of collaborative R&D projects submitted by the different Clusters on dedicated calls.…”