The evolution of community water governance in Uchira, Tanzania: The implications for equality of access, sustainability and effectiveness

Abstract

Bradford Scholars -how to deposit your paper Overview Copyright check• Check if your publisher allows submission to a repository.• Use the Sherpa RoMEO database if you are not sure about your publisher's position or email openaccess@bradford.ac.uk.

Successful small-scale irrigation or environmental destruction? The political ecology of competing claims on water in the Uluguru Mountains,Tanzania

“…For Lecoutere (2010), among the most important determinants of such higher power status, gender is significant, but does not explain everything. This is a point made by several other commentators (Cleaver and Toner 2006;van Koppen et al 2012). Additional important determinants might include migration status, education, ethnicity, age and wealth.…”

“…It is not clear what might happen if the farmers were to become officially organized as a WUA. There is evidence from elsewhere that local elites (such as local politicians, former civil servants, religious leaders, wealthier community members tend to use such associations to formalize their own power (Cleaver and Toner 2006). This could become a mechanism to reduce Luguru control over both land and water.…”

“…It is also likely that they have inadequate time, resources, knowledge and agency to engage with formal and informal processes of institutional evolution. Participation in institutional evolution can be differentially shaped by structural (age, wealth and gender) and agency (social capital, personal inclination) factors (Cleaver and Toner 2006). This means that it is not possible to simply uncover the rules by which people manage resources because they may be institutionally creative, including by turning to formalized and bureaucratic mechanisms for negotiating access and resolving conflicts.…”

“…Another relates to codification when it comes to access to and control over water. Cleaver and Toner (2006), Lecoutere (2010) and Potkanski and Adams (1998) amongst others have pointed out that this can favour the more powerful (in terms of their networks of influence) as they are able to shape institutions and formal mechanisms that create outcomes to…”

Facilitating public participation in water resources management: reflections from Tanzania

“…National or regional applications of IWRM-for example, in South Africa, Tanzania, and under the European Water Framework Directive-have enshrined participatory management in water resources at a basin scale, following natural hydrological boundaries (Jacobs et al 2010, Brown 2011. A participatory approach to water management is viewed as having greater likelihood of empowering local people, including traditionally disadvantaged groups, and greater effectiveness in sustainable water resource provision (Cleaver and Toner 2006).…”