The evolution of natural alimentation

Abstract

Advances in medicine and the evolution of health-related behaviors through time and across cultures have contributed to changes in attitudes toward natural alimentation. In the past, women who breastfed their babies were educated by word of mouth and family traditions passed on by their female relatives and communities, and the act of breastfeeding itself constituted a socio-cultural process. The health-related benefits of breast milk for infant nutrition have long been known. Throughout the ages, the image of the breastfeeding woman has inspired many artists and promoted natural alimentation. Ancient beliefs and religious practices were combined with the teachings of the church as well as alchemy principles, and lactation counseling was based on popular belief rather than scientific or medical knowledge. In modern times, breastfeeding has experienced a rise in popularity and is recommended to mothers during pregnancy and as part of contraception education. Anecdotal beliefs regarding the beneficial effects of breastfeeding on children’s overall psychological wellbeing have become a subject of scientific investigation. Within the current pregnancy-related standards, the modern promotion of breastfeeding encompasses nutritional, immunological and psychological aspects. In this paper we have summarized the evolution of the beliefs that have surrounded breastfeeding from antiquity to the present day.