The Evolution of the Interstellar Medium in Post-starburst Galaxies

Li, Zhihui; French, K. Decker; Zabludoff, Ann I.; Ho, Luis C.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab1f68

Cited by 35 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…The number excess at the lower end of the M dust /M * distribution can actually be a signature of evolved systems with lower gas fraction and dust destruction in the post-starburst stage (e.g., Rowlands et al 2015;Li et al 2019). Applying a Scoville et al (2016) conversion from luminosity at a rest frame of 850 μm (L ν,850 ) to the molecular gas mass (M gas ), we find a low gas fraction ( f gas = M gas /(M gas + M star )) of 0.17 ± 0.08 for four sources at Ikarashi et al (2015) are shown as black dots.…”

Section: Dust-to-stellar-mass Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

ALMA 1.3 mm Survey of Lensed Submillimeter Galaxies Selected by Herschel: Discovery of Spatially Extended SMGs and Implications

Sun

Egami

Rawle³

et al. 2021

ApJ

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We present an ALMA 1.3 mm (Band 6) continuum survey of lensed submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z = 1.0 to ∼3.2 with an angular resolution of ∼0 2. These galaxies were uncovered by the Herschel Lensing Survey and feature exceptionally bright far-infrared continuum emission (S peak  90 mJy) owing to their lensing magnification. We detect 29 sources in 20 fields of massive galaxy clusters with ALMA. Using both the Spitzer/IRAC (3.6/4.5 μm) and ALMA data, we have successfully modeled the surface brightness profiles of 26 sources in the rest-frame nearand far-infrared. Similar to previous studies, we find the median dust-to-stellar continuum size ratio to be small (R e,dust /R e,star = 0.38 ± 0.14) for the observed SMGs, indicating that star formation is centrally concentrated. This is, however, not the case for two spatially extended main-sequence SMGs with a low surface brightness at 1.3 mm (0.1 mJy arcsec −2 ), in which the star formation is distributed over the entire galaxy (R e,dust /R e,star > 1). As a whole, our SMG sample shows a tight anticorrelation between (R e,dust /R e,star ) and far-infrared surface brightness (Σ IR ) over a factor of ;1000 in Σ IR . This indicates that SMGs with less vigorous star formation (i.e., lower Σ IR ) lack central starburst and are likely to retain a broader spatial distribution of star formation over the whole galaxies (i.e., larger R e,dust /R e,star ). The same trend can be reproduced with cosmological simulations as a result of central starburst and potentially subsequent "inside-out" quenching, which likely accounts for the emergence of compact quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 2.

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Section: Dust-to-stellar-mass Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

ALMA 1.3 mm Survey of Lensed Submillimeter Galaxies Selected by Herschel: Discovery of Spatially Extended SMGs and Implications

Sun

Egami

Rawle³

et al. 2021

ApJ

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“…The dust temperature exhibits a similar decrease. On the other hand, combining all post-starburst galaxies with molecular gas measurements, French et al (2018) and Li et al (2019b) detect a weak anticorrelation of the molecular gas fraction with age, deriving a gas removal timescale of ∼100-200 Myr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fate of the interstellar medium in early-type galaxies

Michałowski

Hjorth

Gall

et al. 2019

A&A

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Context. An important aspect of quenching star formation is the removal of the cold interstellar medium (ISM; non-ionised gas and dust) from a galaxy. In addition, dust grains can be destroyed in a hot or turbulent medium. The adopted timescale of dust removal usually relies on uncertain theoretical estimates. It is tricky to track dust removal because the dust is constantly being replenished by consecutive generations of stars. Aims. Our objective is to carry out an observational measurement of the timescale of dust removal. Methods. We explored an approach to select galaxies that demonstrate detectable amounts of dust and cold ISM coupled with a low current dust production rate. Any decrease of the dust and gas content as a function of the age of such galaxies must, therefore, be attributed to processes governing ISM removal. We used a sample of the galaxies detected by Herschel in the far-infrared with visually assigned early-type morphology or spirals with red colours. We also obtained JCMT/SCUBA-2 observations for five of these galaxies. Results. We discovered an exponential decline of the dust-to-stellar mass ratio with age, which we interpret as an evolutionary trend for the dust removal of these galaxies. For the first time, we have directly measured the dust removal timescale for such galaxies, with a result of τ = (2.5 ± 0.4) Gyr (the corresponding half-life time is (1.75 ± 0.25) Gyr). This quantity may be applied to models in which it must be assumed a priori and cannot be derived. Conclusions. Any process which removes dust in these galaxies, such as dust grain destruction, cannot happen on shorter timescales. The timescale is comparable to the quenching timescales found in simulations for galaxies with similar stellar masses. The dust is likely of internal, not external origin. It was either formed in the past directly by supernovae (SNe) or from seeds produced by SNe, and with grain growth in the ISM contributing substantially to the dust mass accumulation.

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“…The calibrations in Scoville et al (2016) are based on data for galaxies in the local Universe, with studies showing that they hold on average for star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 2 (Kaasinen et al 2019). However, Li et al (2019) show that the dust-to-gas ratios at low sSFRs can vary dramatically (see also Privon et al 2018). Perhaps the reason we find f H2 is low for MRG-S0851 is rather that the assigned dust-to-gas ratio is too high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Early Science with the Large Millimeter Telescope: Constraining the Gas Fraction of a Compact Quiescent Galaxy at z=1.883

Caliendo,

Whitaker,

Akhshik

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present constraints on the dust continuum flux and inferred gas content of a gravitationally lensed massive quiescent galaxy at z=1.883±0.001 using AzTEC 1.1mm imaging with the Large Millimeter Telescope. MRG-S0851 appears to be a prototypical massive compact quiescent galaxy, but has evidence that it experienced a centrally concentrated rejuvenation event in the last 100 Myr (see Akhshik et al. 2020a). This galaxy is undetected in the AzTEC image but we calculate an upper limit on the millimeter flux and use this to estimate the H 2 mass limit via an empirically calibrated relation that assumes a constant molecular gas-to-dust ratio of 150. We constrain the 3σ upper limit of the H 2 fraction from the dust continuum in MRG-S0851 to be M H2 /M ≤ 6.8%. MRG-S0851 has a low gas fraction limit with a moderately low sSFR owing to the recent rejuvenation episode, which together results in a relatively short depletion time of <0.6 Gyr if no further H 2 gas is accreted. Empirical and analytical models both predict that we should have detected molecular gas in MRG-S0851, especially given the rejuvenation episode; this suggests that cold gas and/or dust is rapidly depleted in at least some early quiescent galaxies.

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The Evolution of the Interstellar Medium in Post-starburst Galaxies

Cited by 35 publications

References 76 publications

ALMA 1.3 mm Survey of Lensed Submillimeter Galaxies Selected by Herschel: Discovery of Spatially Extended SMGs and Implications

ALMA 1.3 mm Survey of Lensed Submillimeter Galaxies Selected by Herschel: Discovery of Spatially Extended SMGs and Implications

The fate of the interstellar medium in early-type galaxies

Early Science with the Large Millimeter Telescope: Constraining the Gas Fraction of a Compact Quiescent Galaxy at z=1.883

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