The evolution of the X-ray afterglow emission of GW 170817/ GRB 170817A in <i>XMM-Newton</i> observations

D’Avanzo, P.; Campana, S.; Salafia, O. S.; Ghirlanda, G.; Ghisellini, G.; Melandri, A.; Bernardini, M. G.; Branchesi, M.; Chassande–Mottin, E.; Covino, S.; D’Elia, V.; Nava, Lara; Salvaterra, R.; Tagliaferri, G.; Vergani, S. D.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832664

Cited by 210 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Radio observations show a fading afterglow since early times. For standard FS emission, this may indicate that νm is already below the radio range and that radio, optical, and X-rays belong to the same spectral segment, as observed for GW170817 (Troja et al 2019;D'Avanzo et al 2018;Lyman et al 2018;Margutti et al 2018). However, for GRB160821B the flat radio-to-optical spectral index βOR ≈0.3 at 4 hr rules out such regime, and shows that ν F S m ≫ 6 GHz.…”

Section: Basic Constraints To the Afterglowmentioning

confidence: 64%

The afterglow and kilonova of the short GRB 160821B

Troja

Castro‐Tirado

González

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

132

135

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GRB 160821B is a short duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected and localized by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory in the outskirts of a spiral galaxy at z=0.1613, at a projected physical offset of ≈16 kpc from the galaxy's center. We present Xray, optical/nIR and radio observations of its counterpart and model them with two distinct components of emission: a standard afterglow, arising from the interaction of the relativistic jet with the surrounding medium, and a kilonova, powered by the radioactive decay of the sub-relativistic ejecta. Broadband modeling of the afterglow data reveals a weak reverse shock propagating backward into the jet, and a likely jet-break at ≈3.5 d. This is consistent with a structured jet seen slightly off-axis (θ view ∼ θ core ) while expanding into a low-density medium (n ≈10 −3 cm −3 ). Analysis of the kilonova properties suggests a rapid evolution toward red colors, similar to AT2017gfo, and a low nIR luminosity, possibly due to the presence of a long-lived neutron star. The global properties of the environment, the inferred low mass (M ej 0.006 M ⊙ ) and velocities (v ej 0.05c) of lanthanide-rich ejecta are consistent with a binary neutron star merger progenitor.

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Section: Basic Constraints To the Afterglowmentioning

confidence: 64%

The afterglow and kilonova of the short GRB 160821B

Troja

Castro‐Tirado

González

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

132

135

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“…13. Bottom: a similar contour map of y/q = θ F,0 /θ obs with contours at y/q = 0.25:0.05: 0.95, 0.99, 0.999, 0.9999, 0.99999. an unprecedented accuracy in determining p = 2.17 (e.g., Margutti et al 2018;D'Avanzo et al 2018;Troja et al 2018;Lyman et al 2018;Resmi et al 2018).…”

Section: The Temporal Slopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afterglow light curves from misaligned structured jets

Beniamini

Granot

Gill

2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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GRB 170817A / GW 170817 is the first GRB clearly viewed far from the GRB jet's symmetry axis. Its afterglow was densely monitored over a wide range of frequencies and times. It has been modeled extensively, primarily numerically, and although this endeavour was very fruitful, many of the underlying model parameters remain undetermined. We provide analytic modelling of GRB afterglows observed off-axis, considering jets with a narrow core (of halfopening angle θ c ) and power-law wings in energy per unit solid angle, as well as briefly discuss Gaussian jets. Our study reveals qualitatively different types of lightcurves that can be viewed in future off-axis GRBs, with either single or double peaks, depending on the jet structure and the viewing angle. Considering the lightcurve shape rather than the absolute normalizations of times and / or fluxes, removes the dependence of the lightcurve on many of the highly degenerate burst parameters. This study can be easily used to determine the underlying jet structure, significantly reduce the effective parameter space for numerical fitting attempts and provide physical insights. As an illustration, we show that for GRB 170817A, there is a strong correlation between the allowed values of Γ c,0 and b, leading to a narrow strip of allowed solutions in the Γ c,0 -b plane above some minimal values Γ c,0 40, b 1.2. Furthermore, the Lorentz factor of the material dominating the early lightcurve can be constrained by three independent techniques to be Γ 0 (θ min,0 ) ≈ 5 − 7.

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“…Historic detection of a BNS merger GW170817 by LIGO/Virgo detectors (Abbott et al 2017a) and the consequent follow up of the event in various electromagnetic (EM) frequency bands and by neutrino observatories dawned a new era in multi-messenger astronomy (Abbott et al 2017d;Goldstein et al 2017;Savchenko et al 2017b;Valenti et al 2017;Evans et al 2017;Kasliwal et al 2017;Hallinan et al 2017;Pian et al 2017;Ruan et al 2018;Lyman et al 2018;Margutti et al 2018;D'Avanzo et al 2018;Troja et al 2018b;Resmi et al 2018;Dobie et al 2018;Nynka et al 2018;Alexander et al 2018;Piro et al 2019;Lamb et al 2019). Multimessenger observations provide tremendous opportunities to investigate astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics, for example, the estimation of Hubble constant (Abbott et al 2017b;Hotokezaka et al 2018), testing the speed of gravity (Abbott et al 2017e), estimating the neutron star EOS (Coughlin et al 2018a,b;Radice & Dai 2018) are a few among them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of joint detections of neutron star mergers and short GRBs with Gaussian structured jets

Saleem

2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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GW170817 was the first ever joint detection of gravitational waves (GW) from a binary neutron star (BNS) merger with the detections of short γ-ray burst (SGRB) counterparts. Analysis of the multi-band afterglow observations of over more than a year revealed that the outflow from the merger end-product was consistent with structured relativistic jet models with the core of the jet narrowly collimated to half opening angles ∼ 5 • . In this work, assuming all the BNS mergers produce Gaussian structured jets with properties as inferred for GW170817, we explore the prospects of joint detections of BNS mergers and prompt γ−ray emission, expected during the current and upcoming upgrades of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detectors. We discuss three specific observational aspects: 1) the distribution of detected binary inclination angles 2) the distance reach and 3) the detection rates. Unlike GW-only detections, the joint detections are greatly restricted at large inclination angles, due to the structure of the jets. We find that at lower inclination angles (say below 20 • ), the distance reach as well as the detection rates of the joint detections are limited by GW detectability while at larger inclinations (say above 20), they are limited by the γ-ray detectability.

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The evolution of the X-ray afterglow emission of GW 170817/ GRB 170817A in XMM-Newton observations

Cited by 210 publications

References 70 publications

The afterglow and kilonova of the short GRB 160821B

The afterglow and kilonova of the short GRB 160821B

Afterglow light curves from misaligned structured jets

Prospects of joint detections of neutron star mergers and short GRBs with Gaussian structured jets

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