The Evolution of Uniparental Reproduction in Rhabditina Nematodes: Phylogenetic Patterns, Developmental Causes, and Surprising Consequences

Haag, Eric S.; Helder, J.; Mooijman, P.J.W.; Yin, Desuo; Hu, Shuang

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94139-4_4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 125 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Gonochorism, the obligate outcrossing of separate male and female sexes, was likely the ancestral condition and remains the most common reproductive mode for extant nematodes [ 86 , 89 , 94 ]. When combined with GSD and Mendelian segregation sex chromosomes, gonochorism generally enforces a 1:1 sex ratio [ 41 , 95 ].…”

Section: Nematoda As a Model Phylum For The Evolution Of Sex Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many parasitic species, dauer larvae are the environmentally tough stage that initiates a new infection. In gonochoristic species this boom and bust lifecycle usually coexists with a 1:1 sex ratio, despite the presence of population subdivision [ 89 , 94 ]. Reliable colonization of a reproductive patch by both male and female individuals may be mediated by sheer numbers.…”

Section: Nematoda As a Model Phylum For The Evolution Of Sex Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fisher vs. the Worms: Extraordinary Sex Ratios in Nematodes and the Mechanisms that Produce Them

Goor

Shakes

Haag

2021

Cells

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parker, Baker, and Smith provided the first robust theory explaining why anisogamy evolves in parallel in multicellular organisms. Anisogamy sets the stage for the emergence of separate sexes, and for another phenomenon with which Parker is associated: sperm competition. In outcrossing taxa with separate sexes, Fisher proposed that the sex ratio will tend towards unity in large, randomly mating populations due to a fitness advantage that accrues in individuals of the rarer sex. This creates a vast excess of sperm over that required to fertilize all available eggs, and intense competition as a result. However, small, inbred populations can experience selection for skewed sex ratios. This is widely appreciated in haplodiploid organisms, in which females can control the sex ratio behaviorally. In this review, we discuss recent research in nematodes that has characterized the mechanisms underlying highly skewed sex ratios in fully diploid systems. These include self-fertile hermaphroditism and the adaptive elimination of sperm competition factors, facultative parthenogenesis, non-Mendelian meiotic oddities involving the sex chromosomes, and environmental sex determination. By connecting sex ratio evolution and sperm biology in surprising ways, these phenomena link two “seminal” contributions of G. A. Parker.

show abstract

Section: Nematoda As a Model Phylum For The Evolution Of Sex Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nematoda As a Model Phylum For The Evolution Of Sex Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fisher vs. the Worms: Extraordinary Sex Ratios in Nematodes and the Mechanisms that Produce Them

Goor

Shakes

Haag

2021

Cells

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Balancing selfing and outcrossing: the genetics and cell biology of nematodes with three sexual morphs

Adams,

Tandonnet,

Pires-daSilva

2024

Genetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Trioecy, a rare reproductive system where hermaphrodites, females, and males coexist, is found in certain algae, plants, and animals. Though it has evolved independently multiple times, its rarity suggests it may be an unstable or transitory evolutionary strategy. In the well-studied Caenorhabditis elegans, attempts to engineer a trioecious strain have reverted to the hermaphrodite/male system, reinforcing this view. However, these studies did not consider the sex-determination systems of naturally stable trioecious species. The discovery of free-living nematodes of the Auanema genus, which have naturally stable trioecy, provides an opportunity to study these systems. In Auanema, females produce only oocytes, while hermaphrodites produce both oocytes and sperm for self-fertilization. Crosses between males and females primarily produce daughters (XX hermaphrodites and females), while male-hermaphrodite crosses result in sons only. These skewed sex ratios are due to X-chromosome drive during spermatogenesis, where males produce only X-bearing sperm through asymmetric cell division. The stability of trioecy in Auanema is influenced by maternal control over sex determination and environmental cues. These factors offer insights into the genetic and environmental dynamics that maintain trioecy, potentially explaining its evolutionary stability in certain species.

show abstract

The Evolution of Uniparental Reproduction in Rhabditina Nematodes: Phylogenetic Patterns, Developmental Causes, and Surprising Consequences

Cited by 2 publications

References 125 publications

Fisher vs. the Worms: Extraordinary Sex Ratios in Nematodes and the Mechanisms that Produce Them

Fisher vs. the Worms: Extraordinary Sex Ratios in Nematodes and the Mechanisms that Produce Them

Balancing selfing and outcrossing: the genetics and cell biology of nematodes with three sexual morphs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About