The Evolutionary History of Ehrhartoideae, Oryzeae, and Oryza

Kellogg, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1007/s12284-009-9022-2

Cited by 78 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…If so, it is surprising that the sterile lemma of both O. sativa and ancestral species of O. grandiglumis has maintained the potential to express genes responsible for lemma identity for a long evolutionary period. The genus Leersia, which, like Oryza, belongs to Oryzeae, lacks the sterile lemma (16). It would be interesting to know whether G1 activity is involved in developmental arrest of the sterile lemma in this genus.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Spikelet Architecture And The Role Of G1 Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that G1 orthologs may be involved in morphological modification of the sterile lemma in lineages other than those of Oryza evolution. Alternatively, G1 function may be restricted to the sterile lemma of Oryza, because the epidermal convex structures (i.e., tubercles), which are suppressed by G1 in the sterile lemma, are a synapomorphy of the Oryza genus (16,30) and/or G1-related proteins may have diverse functions as a result of the insertion of amino acids, which are highly variable among grasses.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Spikelet Architecture And The Role Of G1 Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stamen identity and floral meristem determinacy, which are controlled by a single C class gene, AGAMOUS, in Arabidopsis, are regulated separately by two or more C class genes that were duplicated before divergence of the grass species (12,13). The palea and lemma are organs specific to grasses, and enclose inner floral organs (14)(15)(16). The LEAFY HULL STERILE1 (LHS1) gene is involved in partially specifying the identity of the lemma and palea in rice, in addition to regulating spikelet meristem determinacy (17,18).…”

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The homeotic gene long sterile lemma ( G1 ) specifies sterile lemma identity in the rice spikelet

Yoshida

Suzaki

Tanaka

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

162

193

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The mechanism of floral organ specification is principally conserved in angiosperms, as demonstrated by the ABC model. By contrast, mechanisms that regulate the development of organs or structures specific to a group of species remain unclear. Grasses have unique inflorescence units, comprising spikelets and florets. In the genus Oryza (rice), the single spikelet consists of a fertile floret subtended by a lemma and a palea, two sterile lemmas, and rudimentary glumes. Each sterile lemma is a tiny glume-like organ with a smooth surface. Here, we have examined a long sterile lemma1 (g1) mutant, in which the sterile lemma is enlarged like the lemma. Detailed phenotypic analysis reveals that the large sterile lemma in the g1 mutant appears to be caused by homeotic transformation of the sterile lemma into a lemma, suggesting that G1 is involved in the repression of lemma identity to specify the sterile lemma. Gene isolation reveals that G1 is a member of a plant-specific gene family that encodes proteins with a previously uncharacterized domain, named here ALOG (Arabidopsis LSH1 and Oryza G1). G1 mRNA is expressed in sterile lemma primordia throughout their development, and G1 protein is localized in the nucleus. A trans-activation assay using the yeast GAL4 system suggests that G1 is involved in transcriptional regulation. Repression of lemma identity by G1 is consistent with a hypothesis proposed to explain the morphological evolution of rice spikelets. We also show that a wild rice species, Oryza grandiglumis, that forms large sterile lemmas has serious mutations in the G1 gene.flower ͉ grass ͉ Oryza ͉ ALOG ͉ morphological evolution A lthough angiosperms produce diverse forms of flowers, from beautiful and entomophilous to inconspicuous and anemophilous, the genetic programs directing floral development are fundamentally conserved. Floral organ specification is explained by the ABC model, and genes constituting this model are likely to be functionally conserved in a wide range of flowering plants (1-3). In contrast to our deep understanding of floral organs common to many angiosperms, genes that regulate the development of floral organs and/or flower-associated structures distinctive to a group of plant species remain poorly elucidated.Grass species, such as Oryza sativa (rice) and Zea mays (maize), bear a unique inflorescence consisting of spikelets and florets (4, 5). Each spikelet produces a defined number of florets depending on species, and is subtended by a pair of glumes. The floret comprises the flower proper (carpels, stamens, and lodicules) and a pair of additional structures (a palea and a lemma) that subtend the flower. The lodicule, an organ homologous to the petal in ordinary flowers, is small and semitransparent, and acts to open the palea and lemma for anthesis. Molecular genetic studies in rice and maize have revealed that the function of B class MADS-box genes is conserved in grasses: these genes specify the identities of the lodicule and stamen similar to the way in which B class genes specify t...

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Section: Evolution Of the Spikelet Architecture And The Role Of G1 Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution Of the Spikelet Architecture And The Role Of G1 Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The homeotic gene long sterile lemma ( G1 ) specifies sterile lemma identity in the rice spikelet

Yoshida

Suzaki

Tanaka

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

162

193

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“…It comprises of many economically important cereals in the grass family, such as rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). An evolutionary framework has been thoroughly established at the family level based on multiple phylogenetic studies (Clark et al, 1995;GPWG, 2001;Duvall et al, 2007;BouchenakKhelladi et al, 2008;Vicentini et al, 2008;Kellogg, 2009). Poaceae has been classified into some basal lineages as well as two main lineages including the PACMAD clade (Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideae, and Danthonioideae) and the BEP clade (Bambusoideae, Ehrhartoideae, and Pooideae) (GPWG, 2001;Duvall et al, 2007;Bouchenak-Khelladi et al, 2008;Kellogg, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complete Plastid Genome Sequence of the Wild Rice Zizania latifolia and Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of the Rice Tribe Oryzeae, Poaceae

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2016

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz. ex Stapf was once utilized as an important grain in ancient China and has been cultivated as an aquatic vegetable. Here, we report the complete Z. latifolia chloroplast genome sequence obtained through de novo assembly of Illumina paired-end reads generated by directly purified chloroplast (cp) DNA genome sequencing. The Z. latifolia cp genome is 136,501 bp in length, comprising a pair of 20,878-bp inverted repeat regions (IR) separated by small and large single copy regions (SSC and LSC) of 12,590 and 82,155 bp, respectively. The Z. latifolia cp genome encodes 110 unique genes (77 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes), of which 15 encompass introns. Sequence analysis identified a total of 39 direct/inverted repeats and 63 simple sequence repeats (SSR) with an average rate of 0.46 SSRs/kb. Our results revealed that the Z. latifolia cp genome is AT-rich (61.02%) and gene codon usage may be largely affected by a low GC content and codon usage bias for A, T-ending codons. We predicted 33 RNA editing sites in the chloroplast of Z. latifolia, all for C-to-U transitions. Comparative analyses with other available Oryzeae plastid genomes showed that the coding and IR sequences were more conserved than the single-copy and non-coding regions, suggesting that the indels should be cautiously employed in phylogenetic studies. Phylogenetic analysis of 52 complete grass chloroplast genomes including the reported Z. latifolia cp genome in this study yielded an identical tree topology as previous plastid-based trees, providing strong support for a sister relationship between Bambusoideae+Pooideae and Ehrhartoideae in the BEP (Bambusoideae, Ehrhartoideae, Pooideae) clade of the grass family.

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“…Accordingly, various investigations into the morphology 2 , anatomy 3 , cytology 4 , and molecular phylogenetics [5][6][7] of the tribe have been published. The consensus of these and other studies is that tribe Oryzeae belongs in subfamily Ehrhartoideae, one of three subfamilies of the BEP (Bambusoideae, Ehrhartoideae, and Pooideae) clade 8,9 . In Thailand, four genera of Oryzeae are found 10 : Oryza L., Leersia Sw., Hygroryza Nees, and Zizania L. The genus Oryza contains five species and two varieties, while Hygroryza is a monotypic genus containing only H. aristata Nees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

An investigation of lemma micromorphology in Thai Oryzeae (Poaceae)

Sumanon¹,

Traiperm²

2013

ScienceAsia

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Nine taxa of Oryzeae that occur naturally in Thailand were studied for their lemma micromorphology using scanning electron microscopy. Common features found in most taxa were microhairs, prickles, silica bodies, and papillae. Here, features of the lemma surface are described, classified, and discussed in terms of their taxonomic significance. In addition, a key to species based on the shape of silica bodies, type of papillae and tubercles, and the arrangement of tubercles is presented. However, lemma micromorphology alone cannot be used to distinguish three species in the Oryza sativa group, namely, O. sativa, O. rufipogon, and O. officinalis.

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The Evolutionary History of Ehrhartoideae, Oryzeae, and Oryza

Cited by 78 publications

References 71 publications

The homeotic gene long sterile lemma ( G1 ) specifies sterile lemma identity in the rice spikelet

The homeotic gene long sterile lemma ( G1 ) specifies sterile lemma identity in the rice spikelet

The Complete Plastid Genome Sequence of the Wild Rice Zizania latifolia and Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of the Rice Tribe Oryzeae, Poaceae

An investigation of lemma micromorphology in Thai Oryzeae (Poaceae)

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