The evolutionary impact and influence of oestrogens on adipose tissue structure and function

Bardhi, Olgert; Palmer, Biff F.; Clegg, Deborah J.

doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0207

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 134 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, given that women typically have a lower body weight and a higher proportion of adipose tissue compared to men, the identification of pharmacokinetic variances is quite common. The leading role of estrogens in determining the sex-specific distribution of adipose tissue has been described, together with their metabolic effects, such as the promotion of insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake and protection against diabetes and obesity [ 34 ]. Since the adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ and produces inflammatory cytokines, it contributes to immune dysregulation and to the reduced vaccine responses observed in obese individuals [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Sex Differences In Health and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Cells, Gut Microbiota, and Vaccines: A Gender Perspective

Rio,

Caldarelli,

Chiantore

et al. 2024

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of preventive and therapeutic vaccines has played a crucial role in preventing infections and treating chronic and non-communicable diseases, respectively. For a long time, the influence of sex differences on modifying health and disease has not been addressed in clinical and preclinical studies. The interaction of genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal factors plays a role in the sex-related differences in the epidemiology of diseases, clinical manifestations, and the response to treatment. Moreover, sex is one of the leading factors influencing the gut microbiota composition, which could further explain the different predisposition to diseases in men and women. In the same way, differences between sexes occur also in the immune response to vaccines. This narrative review aims to highlight these differences, focusing on the immune response to vaccines. Comparative data about immune responses, vaccine effectiveness, and side effects are reviewed. Hence, the intricate interplay between sex, immunity, and the gut microbiota will be discussed for its potential role in the response to vaccination. Embracing a sex-oriented perspective in research may improve the efficacy of the immune response and allow the design of tailored vaccine schedules.

show abstract

Section: Sex Differences In Health and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Cells, Gut Microbiota, and Vaccines: A Gender Perspective

Rio,

Caldarelli,

Chiantore

et al. 2024

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Structure‐Guided Identification of Novel Aromatase Inhibitors Targeting Breast Carcinoma

Yadav,

Tripathi,

Yadav

2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aromatase inhibitors play a critical therapeutic role in treating ER+ breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal women. However, their efficacy is often limited by resistance and severe side effects. Identifying new compounds that can disrupt aromatase enzyme function is essential. In this study, structural anomalies in the aromatase enzyme were corrected through energy minimization, and the structure was validated via Ramachandran plot. We screened 170,269 natural compounds from the ASINEX Biodesign library using high‐throughput screening algorithms to target the aromatase enzyme. Molecular docking identified three compounds: BDD30170158, BDE33872639, and BDE30177677, all showing stable binding interactions with the aromatase enzyme. Molecular dynamics simulations over 100 ns confirmed the conformational stability of these compounds. Although all three compounds exhibited the desired pharmacokinetic and drug metabolism properties, only one compound (BDE33872639) was identified as a non‐blocker, demonstrating a reduced risk of adverse cardiac effects. This compound exhibits significant potential as a novel aromatase inhibitor, warranting further experimental research to develop it as a therapeutic option for ER+ breast cancer.

show abstract

Age and duration of obesity modulate the inflammatory response and expression of neuroprotective factors in mammalian female brain

Eroglu,

Isales,

Eroglu

2024

Aging Cell

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity has become a global epidemic and is associated with comorbidities, including diabetes, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. While appreciable insight has been gained into the mechanisms of obesity‐associated comorbidities, effects of age, and duration of obesity on the female brain remain obscure. To address this gap, adolescent and mature adult female mice were subjected to a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 13 or 26 weeks, whereas age‐matched controls were fed a standard diet. Subsequently, the expression of inflammatory cytokines, neurotrophic/neuroprotective factors, and markers of microgliosis and astrogliosis were analyzed in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex, along with inflammation in visceral adipose tissue. HFD led to a typical obese phenotype in all groups independent of age and duration of HFD. However, the intermediate duration of obesity induced a limited inflammatory response in adolescent females' hypothalamus while the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and visceral adipose tissue remained unaffected. In contrast, the prolonged duration of obesity resulted in inflammation in all three brain regions and visceral adipose tissue along with upregulation of microgliosis/astrogliosis and suppression of neurotrophic/neuroprotective factors in all brain regions, denoting the duration of obesity as a critical risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Importantly, when female mice were older (i.e., mature adult), even the intermediate duration of obesity induced similar adverse effects in all brain regions. Taken together, our findings suggest that (1) both age and duration of obesity have a significant impact on obesity‐associated comorbidities and (2) early interventions to end obesity are critical to preserving brain health.

show abstract

The evolutionary impact and influence of oestrogens on adipose tissue structure and function

Cited by 6 publications

References 134 publications

Immune Cells, Gut Microbiota, and Vaccines: A Gender Perspective

Immune Cells, Gut Microbiota, and Vaccines: A Gender Perspective

Structure‐Guided Identification of Novel Aromatase Inhibitors Targeting Breast Carcinoma

Age and duration of obesity modulate the inflammatory response and expression of neuroprotective factors in mammalian female brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About