The evolutionary role of secondary metabolites — a review

Maplestone, Rachael A.; Stone, Martin J.; Williams, Dudley H.

doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90553-2

Cited by 138 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Antibiotics are generally considered to be organic compounds of low molecular weight produced by microbes. It is proposed that the production of antibiotics increases an organism aptitude for survival in the former case by acting as an alternative (chemical) défense mechanism (Maplestone et al 1992). Several studies hâve reported antagonism between actinomycetes and a diversity of phytopathogens such as Altemaria, Fusarium, Macrophomina, Phytophthora, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Verticillium (Chattopadhyay and Nandi 1982;Heisey and Putnam 1986;Hussain et al 1990;Iwasa et al 1970;Merriman et al 1974;Gottlieb 1981, 1984;Sabaou and Bounaga 1987;Trejo-Estrada et al 1998;Valois et al 1996;Wadi and Easton 1985).…”

Section: Antibiosis and Biocontrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

Doumbou¹,

Salove²,

Crawford³

et al. 2005

phyto

223

130

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Les actinomycètes représentent une grande proportion de la biomasse microbienne du sol et ont la capacité de produire une large variété d’antibiotiques et d’enzymes extracellulaires. Plusieurs souches d’actinomycètes s’avèrent capables de protéger les plantes contre des maladies. Cette revue se penche sur le potentiel des actinomycètes comme (a) source de composés agronomiques, (b) agents stimulant la croissance des plantes et (c) agents de lutte biologique. La revue donne aussi des exemples de lutte biologique contre les agents phytopathogènes bactériens et fongiques par l’utilisation d’espèces d’actinomycetes déjà disponibles sur le marché ou qui le seront probablement au cours des prochaines années.Actinomycetes represent a high proportion of the soil microbial biomass and have the capacity to produce a wide variety of antibiotics and of extracellular enzymes. Several strains of actinomycetes have been found to protect plants against plant diseases. This review focuses on the potential of actinomycetes as (a) source of agroactive compounds, (b) plant growth promoting organisms, and (c) biocontrol tools of plant diseases. This review also addresses examples of biological control of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens by actinomycetes species which have already reached the market or are likely to be exploited commercially within the next few years

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Section: Antibiosis and Biocontrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

Doumbou¹,

Salove²,

Crawford³

et al. 2005

phyto

223

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, despite their significance to plant health and their practical value in human and animal medicine, little is known about the ecology of Streptomyces in natural habitats [68]. Antibiotic production is hypothesized to increase microbial fitness by providing a competitive advantage to producing microorganisms [40,72]. Moreover, recent modeling work shows that antibiotic interactions among microbes can generate and maintain phenotypic diversity when microbial strains are localized in space [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variation in Streptomyces Genetic Composition and Diversity in a Prairie Soil

et al. 2004

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Understanding how microbial genotypes are arrayed in space is crucial for identifying local factors that may influence the spatial distribution of genetic diversity. In this study we investigated variation in 16S rDNA sequences and rep-PCR fingerprints of Streptomyces stains isolated from prairie soil among three locations and four soil depths. Substantial variation in Streptomyces OTU (operational taxonomic unit) and BOX-PCR fingerprint diversity was found among locations within a limited spatial area (1 m 2 ). Further, phylogenetic lineages at each location were distinct. However, there was little variation in genetic diversity among isolates from different soil depths and similar phylogenetic lineages were found at each depth. Some clones were found at a localized scale while other clones had a relatively widespread distribution. There was poor correspondence between 16S rDNA groupings and rep-PCR fingerprint groupings. The finding of distinct phylogenetic lineages and the variation in spatial distribution of clones suggests that selection pressures may vary over the soil landscape.

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“…Secretion of antibiotic secondary metabolites can be one mechanism in the fight against other organisms. These metabolites are believed to have evolved through intra-and interspecies competition (Maplestone et al, 1992); their production may be constitutive or triggered upon competition. Many bacterial and fungal species have probably developed defence mechanisms against these substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Aspergillus nidulans gene expression induced by bafilomycin, a Streptomyces-produced antibiotic

Melin¹,

Schnürer²,

Wagner³

1999

Microbiology

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In natural environments bacteria and filamentous fungi often compete for the same resources. Consequently, production of antibiotic secondary metabolites and defence mechanisms against these compounds have evolved in these organisms. An experimental model has been developed to study the response in fungi exposed to one such antibiotic. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans was treated with bafilomycin B, , a Streptomyces-produced antibiotic which reduces radial growth rate and induces morphological changes in fungi. mRNA differential display was used to study changes in fungal gene expression. For five genes, changes in abundance of the corresponding mRNAs, directly or indirectly caused by bafilomycin, were observed. Of these, three were upregulated and two repressed. With four of these the change in mRNA abundance measured ranged from 10-t o 60-fold. However, for one gene the mRNA was only detected after bafilomycin treatment. One of the downregulated mRNAs encodes ASPNDI, a glycoprotein that belongs to a known family of antigens identified in aspergilloma patients. One up-regulated mRNA shows sequence similarities, a t the amino acid level, with a cell-wall protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The remaining three genes were also cloned and sequenced; their sequences do not correspond to known genes in A. nidulans, and no similarities with published nucleotide or protein sequences in other organisms were found. These results indicate the feasibility of using mRNA differential display to study interactions between bacteria and filamentous fungi.

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The evolutionary role of secondary metabolites — a review

Cited by 138 publications

References 24 publications

Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

Spatial Variation in Streptomyces Genetic Composition and Diversity in a Prairie Soil

Changes in Aspergillus nidulans gene expression induced by bafilomycin, a Streptomyces-produced antibiotic

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