The Evolving Landscape of Immunotherapy in Uterine Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Hamoud, Bashar Haj; Sima, Romina‐Marina; Văcăroiu, Ileana Adela; Géorgescu, Mihai; Bobircă, Anca; Gaube, Alexandra; Bobircă, Florin; Georgescu, D.

doi:10.3390/life13071502

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In immunotherapies, an individual's own immune system is used to fight cancer, to pave the way for more specific and effective treatments. Immunotherapy use results in fewer side effects when compared to chemotherapy [33]. Two randomized clinical trials recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) found immunotherapy added to standard treatment for advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer in people with stage III and IV disease improves progression-free survival [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Trends in Treatment and Outcomes of Endometrial Carcinoma in the United States, 2005–2020

Adekanmbi,

Guo,

Hsu

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Endometrial cancer has continued to see a rising incidence in the US over the years. The main aim of this study was to assess current trends in patients’ characteristics and outcomes of treatment for endometrial carcinoma over 16 years. A dataset from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for patients diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma from 2005 to 2020 was used in this retrospective, case series study. The main outcomes and measures of interest included tumor characteristics, hospitalization, treatments, mortality, and overall survival. Then, 569,817 patients who were diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma were included in this study. The mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 62.7 (11.6) years, but 66,184 patients (11.6%) were younger than 50 years, indicating that more patients are getting diagnosed at younger ages. Of the patients studied, 37,079 (6.3%) were Hispanic, 52,801 (9.3%) were non-Hispanic Black, 432,058 (75.8%) were non-Hispanic White, and 48,879 (8.6%) were other non-Hispanic. Patients in the 4th period from 2017 to 2020 were diagnosed more with stage IV (7.1% vs. 5.2% vs. 5.4% vs. 5.9%; p < 0.001) disease compared with those in the other three periods. More patients with severe comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index score of three) were seen in period 4 compared to the first three periods (3.9% vs. ≤1.9%). Systemic chemotherapy use (14.1% vs. 17.7% vs. 20.4% vs. 21.1%; p < 0.001) and immunotherapy (0.01% vs. 0.01% vs. 0.2% vs. 1.1%; p < 0.001) significantly increased from period 1 to 4. The use of laparotomy decreased significantly from 42.1% in period 2 to 16.7% in period 4, while robotic surgery usage significantly increased from 41.5% in period 2 to 64.3% in period 4. The 30-day and 90-day mortality decreased from 0.6% in period 1 to 0.2% in period 4 and 1.4% in period 1 to 0.6% in period 4, respectively. Over the period studied, we found increased use of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and minimally invasive surgery for the management of endometrial cancer. Overall, the time interval from cancer diagnosis to final surgery increased by about 6 days. The improvements observed in the outcomes examined can probably be associated with the treatment trends observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Trends in Treatment and Outcomes of Endometrial Carcinoma in the United States, 2005–2020

Adekanmbi,

Guo,

Hsu

et al. 2024

Cancers

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“…Of the four TGCA molecular subtypes, the most common is the copy-number low subtype [ 22 ]. Its molecular characteristics include a relatively low mutational burden, characterized by fewer changes in the copy number variations throughout the genome and fewer deletions or duplications of large sections of DNA [ 22 , 47 ]. This results in more genome stability compared to the “copy-number high” subtype, which exhibits a higher number of these alterations.…”

Section: Molecular Subtypes Of Endometrial Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the copy-number low subtype has lower mutational burden, they often carry specific mutations in genes that are known to be important in endometrial cancer pathogenesis. The most common mutations affect the PTEN gene, but mutations in other genes like PIK3CA, KRAS, and ARID1A are also frequently observed [ 47 ]. Of particular importance is the PI3K pathway, known to play an important role in genomic stability, cell cycle regulation and cell survival, resistance to chemotherapy, and DNA replication [ 48 ].…”

Section: Molecular Subtypes Of Endometrial Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The endometrioid histologic type comprises the majority of the copy-number low category [ 22 ]. Copy-number low endometrial cancers often present at an earlier stage and have a favorable prognosis with a lower risk of recurrence [ 22 , 47 ]. This molecular subtype is composed mostly of lower grade tumors with positive estrogen and progesterone receptors when compared with the POLE and MSI-H subtypes, making it generally sensitive to hormonal therapy due to its association with estrogen exposure [ 22 , 49 ].…”

Section: Molecular Subtypes Of Endometrial Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities

Ogunmuyiwa,

Williams

2024

Cancers

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Since the 2009 FIGO staging update, focused exclusively on the anatomic extent of disease, there have been several advances in the understanding of the pathologic and molecular features of endometrial cancer. In a significant departure from the 2009 FIGO staging system, the 2023 FIGO staging update integrates both histopathological and molecular classification. With the inclusion of non-anatomic pathologic parameters such as histology, tumor grade, lymphovascular space invasion, and molecular subtype, the 2023 FIGO staging update aims to create more clinically relevant substages that improve prognostic value and allows for more individualized treatment paradigms. This review will evaluate the clinical impact of the 2023 FIGO staging update, describe the stage shifts that lead to higher prognostic precision, and illustrate the current state of molecular analysis in clinical practice. Furthermore, this review will explore how incorporating factors such as molecular subtype into endometrial cancer staging can offer valuable insights into the racial disparities seen in morbidity and mortality.

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“…This easy method is an effective therapy option, because these specific cells are able to recognize various tumor antigens rather than a single antigen [18] with a 40-50% response in patients with melanoma [19,20]. This method could be relevant in tumors where the presence of TILs has been established as a strong predictor of a favorable prognosis [21]. Currently, the practical perspective of TILs in different cancer types is promising for the use of monoclonal antibodies, such as antiprogrammed cell death (PD)-1 and anti-CD137 in the selection of T cells in TIL cultures with CD3+, helper, and cytotoxic T cell (CD4+ and CD8+ cells, respectively) as different fractions of TILs represented in the TME [22].…”

Section: Immunotherapy With Non-genetically Modified T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer

García-Domínguez,

López-Enríquez,

Alba

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Cancer is a complex disease that, despite advances in treatment and the greater understanding of the tumor biology until today, continues to be a prevalent and lethal disease. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the conventional treatments, which have increased the survival for cancer patients. However, the complexity of this disease together with the persistent problems due to tumor progression and recurrence, drug resistance, or side effects of therapy make it necessary to explore new strategies that address the challenges to obtain a positive response. One important point is that tumor cells can interact with the microenvironment, promoting proliferation, dissemination, and immune evasion. Therefore, immunotherapy has emerged as a novel therapy based on the modulation of the immune system for combating cancer, as reflected in the promising results both in preclinical studies and clinical trials obtained. In order to enhance the immune response, the combination of immunotherapy with nanoparticles has been conducted, improving the access of immune cells to the tumor, antigen presentation, as well as the induction of persistent immune responses. Therefore, nanomedicine holds an enormous potential to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the most recent advances in specific molecular and cellular immunotherapy and in nano-immunotherapy against cancer in the light of the latest published preclinical studies and clinical trials.

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The Evolving Landscape of Immunotherapy in Uterine Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Temporal Trends in Treatment and Outcomes of Endometrial Carcinoma in the United States, 2005–2020

Temporal Trends in Treatment and Outcomes of Endometrial Carcinoma in the United States, 2005–2020

Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities

Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer

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