The Evolving Role of Mammary Ductoscopy

Mokbel, Kefah; Elkak, Abd Elrafea

doi:10.1185/030079902125000075

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Due to its the high (60-fold) magnification, it can detect anomalies which remain below the threshold of other methods [26,27,28]. Our study confirms that ductoscopy is most often technically feasible.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Nipple Discharge: Role of Ductoscopy in Comparison with Standard Diagnostic Tests

Albrecht

Thele²,

Grunwald³

et al. 2013

Oncol Res Treat

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Background: This study aims to assess the role of ductoscopy for detecting intraductal anomalies in patients with nipple discharge in comparison to conventional tests and to find an effective combination of both approaches. Materials and Methods: Prior to duct excision, ductoscopy was performed in 97 women. Histologic and all other diagnostic results were compared. Sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency were calculated for all methods. These parameters were also calculated for all possible test combinations in 12 patients who had completed all tests. Results: Breast sonography reached the highest sensitivity (64.1%) and efficiency (64%); mammography had the highest specificity (100%). The sensitivity of ductoscopy was 53.2%, its specificity 60%, and its efficiency 55.1%. Among combinations of all methods, the combination ductoscopy + galactography was the most sensitive (80%). Mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ductoscopy were each 100% specific. Ductoscopy was the most efficient (75%) single method. Conclusion: Ductoscopy is a valuable test for diagnosing intraductal lesions in patients with nipple discharge. It is more efficient than conventional tests in patients undergoing all tests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Nipple Discharge: Role of Ductoscopy in Comparison with Standard Diagnostic Tests

Albrecht

Thele²,

Grunwald³

et al. 2013

Oncol Res Treat

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“…Interestingly, our results also demonstrated that TNFα levels were higher in patients on CAPD. Although stimulation by dialysis membranes does not occur in CAPD patients, a decrease in renal clearance and an increase of synthesis may explain this finding [26]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Symptoms and Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in Chronic Renal Failure Patients

Dervişoğlu¹,

Kır²,

Kalender³

et al. 2008

Nephron Clin Pract

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Background/Aims: Cytokine secretion is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, and levels of proinflammatory cytokines are increased in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between levels of proinflammatory cytokines in CRF patients and degree of depression. Methods: 31 patients on hemodialysis, 31 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and 31 conservatively managed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients were enrolled in this study. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and ‘elevated symptoms of depression’ were defined as a BDI score ≧17. IL-6 and TNFα cytokine levels were measured by ELISA. Results: ‘Elevated symptoms of depression’ occurred in 37 of 93 patients (40%). IL-6 and TNFα levels were not significantly different among CRF patients with and without elevated depressive symptoms (p = 0.937 and p = 0.414, respectively). When analyzed by treatment subgroup, proinflammatory cytokine levels were not significantly different in patients with and without elevated symptoms of depression. Conclusion: In patients with CRF, elevated symptoms of depression were not associated with increased cytokine levels.

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“…These deeper lesions can be missed by conventional major duct excision [8,35]. In patients with nipple discharge, the percentage of galactographically detected lesions deeper than 3 cm and ductoscopically detected lesions beyond 4 cm are 20% and 18%, respectively [5,31]. …”

Section: Ductoscopic Visual Diagnosis Sensitivity and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saline solution is injected through the working channel of the endoscope for clear visualization of the intraductal space [5] (fig. 1, online supplemental material www.karger.com/?DOI=000355833 ).…”

Section: Ductoscopic Technique and Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ductoscopy, Galactography, and Imaging Modalities for the Evaluation of Intraductal Lesions: A Critical Review

Sarıca¹,

Öztürk²,

Demirkurek

et al. 2013

Breast Care

277

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Background: Today, in cases of nipple discharge of unclear origin, the abundance of diagnostic procedures - a ‚diagnostic dilemma' - becomes apparent, because unequivocal indications and a current, standardized examination sequence are presently not available. The diagnostic workup of patients with nipple discharge usually includes the clinical history, physical examination, mammography, ultrasonography, galactography, and nipple discharge cytology, but not ductoscopy. Methods: In this review we analyze and discuss the possible role of ductoscopy in evaluating intraductal pathologies and its combined use with diagnostic imaging modalities. For this purpose, we reviewed and compared the results of the radiological, pathological, and surgical studies independently. Conclusions: Currently, there is no solitary accurate modality to reach our definitive purpose. Being aware of the capability of each diagnostic modality may take us closer to our target. Therefore, adjunct and appropriate use of multiple imaging modalities and ductoscopy is necessary to evaluate patients with nipple discharge.

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The Evolving Role of Mammary Ductoscopy

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Nipple Discharge: Role of Ductoscopy in Comparison with Standard Diagnostic Tests

Nipple Discharge: Role of Ductoscopy in Comparison with Standard Diagnostic Tests

Depressive Symptoms and Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in Chronic Renal Failure Patients

Comparison of Ductoscopy, Galactography, and Imaging Modalities for the Evaluation of Intraductal Lesions: A Critical Review

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