The Evolving Role of Taurolidine in Cancer Therapy

Neary, Peter; Hallihan, Patrick; Wang, Jiang H.; Pfirrmann, R. W.; Bouchier‐Hayes, David; Redmond, H. P.

doi:10.1245/s10434-009-0867-9

Cited by 45 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Furthermore, apoptotic cells can be observed morphologically following Tau treatment (14). Tau can also function as an antitumor agent by downregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, upregulating N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, and inhibiting the potential invasion and metastasis induced by ionizing radiation (13). In a previous study, Tau was shown to induce the apoptosis of human colon cancer cells by upregulating the expression of the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) gene, independent of p53 (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of taurine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to observe the effect and molecular mechanism of taurine (Tau) on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HHCC) HepG2 cells. HHCC HepG2 cells were used as target cells, and the cell survival rate was assessed using a multi-time-step method. The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) gene was transiently transfected by lipofection and subsequently silenced with specific small interfering (si)RNA. The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and protein expression levels were analyzed with western blotting. Addition of 20-160 mM Tau was shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, while promoting the induction of HHCC HepG2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). Transfection of the PUMA gene significantly enhanced the ability of Tau to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells. In addition, transfection of the PUMA gene increased the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X and reduced the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (P<0.05). Silencing the PUMA gene with specific siRNA was demonstrated to significantly reduce the ability of Tau to inhibit proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HHCC HepG2 cells (P<0.01). Therefore, the PUMA gene was shown to have an important role in mechanism underlying the effect that Tau exerts on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HHCC HepG2 cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, serum Tau levels in patients with breast cancer have been found to be significantly lower compared with those in high-risk and control groups. Thus, Tau may become a novel indicator for the early diagnosis of breast and bladder cancers (11)(12)(13). The study of tumor prevention and treatment with Tau is nascent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of taurine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…Therefore, Tau as an effective antioxidant may hinder an increase in reactive oxygen species in tumors, thereby reducing the development of cancer (9). In addition, Tau could have anti-tumor activity by downregulation of MMP-2, upregulation of N-acetylgalactosaminytransferase, and inhibition of the potential invasion and metastasis induced by ionizing radiation (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins of mitochondria

Zhang

Lü

Wang

et al. 2014

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Abstract. Taurine (Tau), the most abundant free amino acid in humans has numerous potential health benefits through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, limited studies have assessed its effect on tumors and the antitumor mechanism remains unknown. The present study investigated the cellular and molecular changes induced by Tau, leading to the induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. MCF-7 is p53 proficient (p53 +/+ ) and MDA-MB-231 is a p53 null mutant (p53 -/-). Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by MTT. Flow cytometry and hoechst33342 fluorescent staining were employed to detect apoptosis. Spectrophotometry was used to detect caspase-3 activity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to detect the levels of mRNA and proteins of p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), Bax and Bcl-2. Finally, the affect of Tau on the growth of MDA-MB-231-cell-nude mice xenografts was examined. In the study, Tau inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of the two cell lines in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. Notably, the inhibitory effect of Tau on p53 -/-cancer cells was clearly significant compared to the p53 +/+ cancer cells. Further studies showed that Tau promoted apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and inhibited the growth of tumor in nude mice by inducing the expression of PUMA, which further up-and downregulated the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 protein, giving rise to increased activation of caspase-3. Collectively, these results indicate that Tau is a potent candidate for the chemotherapy of breast cancer through increasing the PUMA expression independent of p53 status. IntroductionIn recent years, cancer has become the leading cause of mortality, and it is detrimental to health and quality of life. Environmental chemical carcinogens have been estimated to contribute significantly to the causation of a sizable fraction, perhaps a majority, of human cancers, when exposures are correlated to 'life-style' factors, such as diet (1). Therefore, the anticancer substances in the diet have become of current interest in research for cancer prevention.Tau, chemically identified as 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is a sulfur-containing amino acid of a simple chemical structure. Tau accounts for ~0.1% of total human body weight and exists in a free-state in all the organs. However, the ability of endogenous Tau synthesis is limited. A large number of studies and clinical applications demonstrated that Tau has extensive physiological effects, and has been identified to be the endogenous anti-injury material. Recently, Tau has been used to in the therapy of diseases, including liver and gallbladder disease (2), cardiovascular disease (3), diabetes (4,5) and cataract (6,7). However, studies on its effect on tumors remains limited and the mechanism of its antitumor ability is ambiguous. Tau has been reported to protect cells from oxidant-induced injury by scavenging strong oxidant and cytotoxic agents (8). ...

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“…Taurolidine was well-tolerated, and encouraging initial results were reported in patients with pancreatic and stomach cancer, colo-rectal cancer and tumors of the central nervous system. [10][11][12] Yours sincerely, C. Braumann R. W. Pfirrmann…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%