The exceptional earthquakes in Kaliningrad district, Russia on September 21, 2004

Gregersen, Søren; Wiejacz, P.; Dębski, Wojciech; Domański, B.; Assinovskaya, B. A.; Guterch, Barbara; Mäntyniemi, Päivi; Nikulin, V.; Pacesa, A.; Puura, V.; Aronov, A. G.; Aronova, T. I.; Grünthal, Gottfried; Husebye, Eystein S.; Šliaupa, Saulius

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2007.06.005

Cited by 57 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In a shield region, the attenuation is quite slow, which would account for the long distances between data points. The largest earthquake in Kaliningrad on September 21, 2004 was of magnitude around M w 5.2, but was felt up to distances in excess of 600 km (Gregersen et al 2007). However, the attenuation may have preferred directions of azimuth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

On the earthquakes in the Northern Baltic Shield in the spring of 1626

2011

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This study starts from the earthquakes of May 14, 1626 and June 22, 1626 as given in existing parametric catalogs for the Baltic (Fennoscandian) Shield. The first shock is located in North-western Russia, the second in Finland that belonged to Sweden at that time. A search for previously unknown Russian sources of information is performed, and secondary Swedish sources are replaced by primary ones. The contemporary sources are two Russian chronicles and two Swedish manuscripts. In addition, a later reminiscence is used. The contents of the sources are critically analyzed and augmented with background information. A new interpretation of one Swedish manuscript is presented. The earthquake dates are analyzed. A credible source of errors follows from the different calendars used. Macroseismic intensity assessment is possible for two places. A new solution of one earthquake felt in both territories is proposed. The available data are too fragmentary to prove it beyond doubt, but the scenario is feasible in many ways. Tentative earthquake parameters are calculated. Epicentral intensity is assessed at 6-7 (EMS), magnitude is estimated at 4.7-5.7. The epicenter is located in Russia close to the border between the two territories.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

On the earthquakes in the Northern Baltic Shield in the spring of 1626

2011

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“…In the latter areas the seismograph coverage has until recently been significantly poorer, so the information in the map is influenced by less sensitivity to small earthquakes. But there is not much doubt that the Kaliningrad events in 2004 of magnitudes just over 5 are very unusual for the coast of Poland, Russia and Lithuania (Gregersen et al, 2007). The map should be complete down to magnitude 4.…”

Section: Stresses In the Lithosphere Of Various Timescalesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Review of some significant claimed irregularities in Scandinavian postglacial uplift on timescales of tens to thousands of years – earthquakes in Denmark?

Gregersen

Voß

2014

Solid Earth

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Abstract. The postglacial uplift and surrounding subsidence in Scandinavia is well described as close to regular, and the phenomenon is similar on timescales of tens, hundreds and thousands of years studied via geodesy, seismology and geology. Searches for irregularities in the form of earthquakes claimed in the scientific literature have disclosed many earthquakes right after the Ice Age, 9000 yr ago, and some later cases for further evaluation. In a previous report, the present authors have mentioned doubts about the validity of some of the most significant claimed irregularities. In the present paper, a review is made of these significant claimed irregularities in the south-western flank of the Scandinavian postglacial uplift and subsidence via literature studies of geodetic and geological claims of earthquakes as well as discussions in the field. Geodetic observations exist for all of Scandinavia that describe the phenomenon on a scale of 10s-100s of years. Earthquake observations in seismology are of relevance in the same timescales. Geological studies of dated shore lines describe the postglacial vertical earth-surface motion in a quite different timescale of 100s-1000s of years. There is a need for integration of these observations geographically. This is happening in the various timescales in the DynaQlim project. The review finds the claims unlikely to be earthquakes concerning the following: (1) geodynamical motion in the Copenhagen area, (2) a palaeo-earthquake in Laesø and (3) the recently proposed water level discrepancy in the southern part of Denmark. The assessment is less certain, but falls to improbable when concerning (4) proposed palaeo-earthquakes by Hallandsåsen in south-western Sweden.

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“…A surprise for European seismology was the onset of earthquakes on September 21, 2004 in the Kaliningrad region near the Baltic coast: of M = 5.0 (11:05 GMT) and M = 5.2 (13:32 GMT), (Gregersen et al 2007, Wiejacz 2006). On the seismic regionalization maps for the year 1998, this region of the Precambrian Platform is situated in the zone where I = 5 should not be exceeded over the 500-5,000 years (Nikonov 2005).…”

Section: Region Ii: Precambrian Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%