The Expanded Spectrum of Toxocaral Disease

Taylor, MervynR.H.; O’Connor, Patricia; Keane, Ciara; Mulvihill, E.; Holland, Celia V.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91486-9

Cited by 237 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…covert toxocariasis or incomplete VLM), due to the unspecific clinical picture and low frequency of eosinophilia 11,24,34 . These forms of human toxocariasis are different from the classical VLM, and are most frequent in people, as reported by different investigators around the world 11,16,18,24,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OLM occurs when larvae become trapped in the eyes, leading to uveitis and optic papillitis 24,27,33 . Furthermore, other symptomatic patterns can occur, such as covert toxocariasis, asthma, neurological, neurophysiological and occult infection 24,34 . Additional associated clinical characteristics are chronic allergy, bronchitis, urticaria, headache, behavioral disorders, vomiting, and abdominal pain 11,24,27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of human toxocariasis in a rural population from Cajamarca, Peru determined by DOT-ELISA test

Roldán

Espinoza

Huapaya

et al. 2009

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of human toxocariasis in Cauday district, Cajamarca, Peru, using a dot-ELISA test. From June to October 2005, a total of 256 adult subjects were studied. Blood samples were collected for serology by a dot-ELISA test and for hematological examination. Parasitological examination was also carried out in stool samples to check cross-reactions in the dot-ELISA. The frequency observed was 44.92%, with a significant higher proportion of positivity in male subjects. From subjects with positive serology, 45.6% had respiratory symptoms, 40.44% abdominal pain, 32.35% hepatic symptoms, 14.7% cutaneous signs, 13.23% ocular manifestations, 43.38% eosinophilia, and all of these were statistically associated to serology. Among the population evaluated, 90.23% (231/256) were parasitized. From subjects with positive serology, 92.17% had at least one intestinal parasite and the most frequent were: Blastocystis hominis (68.38%), Giardia lamblia (28.68%), Hymenolepis nana (20.0%), Ascaris lumbricoides (15.65%), Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (13.24%), Cyclospora cayetanensis (4.41%), Cryptosporidium sp. (1.47%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.87%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.87%), Taenia sp. (0.87%), and Trichuris trichiura (0.87%). The rate of false positives in the dot-ELISA test was improved by serum absorption each with A. suum antigens, with a decrease of cross-reactions. In conclusion, human toxocariasis is highly frequent in this population and some risk factors like dog/cat ownership, presence of pets within house, and previous history of geophagia were observed in the present study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of human toxocariasis in a rural population from Cajamarca, Peru determined by DOT-ELISA test

Roldán

Espinoza

Huapaya

et al. 2009

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…However, in most cases, there are no clinical manifestations, and the disease develops in an asymptomatic manner 36 . With regard to the clinical spectrum of toxocariasis, the principal finding from the last 25 years is that the disease can exhibit a distinct clinical picture 25,39 , known as covert toxocariasis. The current generally accepted classification of human toxocariasis includes covert toxocariasis, ocular toxocariasis and neurological toxocariasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and risk factors for toxocariasis in children from a pediatric outpatient center in southeastern Brazil

Teixeira

Chieffi

Lescano

et al. 2006

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYTo estimate the frequency of anti-Toxocara sp. antibodies, and evaluate factors associated with this infection, sera from 242 male and female children, aged from one to fifteen years old, attended at the Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were analyzed by ELISA. Information on the patients was collected and registered using an investigative questionnaire, and details on possible clinical alterations were obtained from the medical charts of 187 patients. Of a total of 242 samples, 21 (8.7%) were positive for anti-Toxocara sp. antibodies. The presence of dogs and cats and the school variable (place of contact), appeared to be significantly associated (p < 0.05) with a positive serology. Respiratory symptoms and eosinophil counts greater than 20% also showed a positive statistical correlation with a positive serology for Toxocara sp.. Factors such as sex and age, and symptoms like headache, stomach ache, convulsive crises and anemia were not associated with toxocariasis.

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“…OT, caused by larvae migration to the eye, can present as strabismus, pars planitis, endophthalmitis, uveitis, retinal granuloma and retinal detachment, leading to vision loss (Gillespie et al 1993). CT presents with a wide range of nonspecific symptoms, including cough, abdominal pain, headache and sleep and behavioral disturbances (Taylor et al 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot test for the confirmatory serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis

Roldán

Espinoza

2009

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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To improve the serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis, a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB-IgG) test was developed and evaluated using Toxocara canis larvae excretory-secretory antigens for detecting anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies. The EITB-IgG profile of toxocariasis was characterized by comparing 27 sera from patients with toxocariasis, 110 sera from healthy subjects and 186 sera from patients with other helminth diseases (ascariasis, ancylostomiasis, trichuriasis, enterobiasis, strongyloidiasis, hymenolepiasis, diphyllobothriasis, taeniasis, cysticercosis, hydatidosis and fascioliasis). Antigenic bands of 24, 28, 30, 35, 56, 117, 136

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The Expanded Spectrum of Toxocaral Disease

Cited by 237 publications

References 17 publications

Frequency of human toxocariasis in a rural population from Cajamarca, Peru determined by DOT-ELISA test

Frequency of human toxocariasis in a rural population from Cajamarca, Peru determined by DOT-ELISA test

Frequency and risk factors for toxocariasis in children from a pediatric outpatient center in southeastern Brazil

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot test for the confirmatory serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis

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