2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.05.006
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The Expansion of Intensive Beef Farming to the Brazilian Amazon

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Cited by 83 publications
(50 citation statements)
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References 34 publications
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“…However, even though beef productivity more than doubled, both pasture re-seeding/fertilization and grain supplementation models had greater water footprint (kg/kg cattle BW) and pasture re-seeding/fertilization has greater energy and nitrogen footprints compared to extensive pasture, underscoring the potential environmental impacts that such initial pasture-based intensification entails. If Brazil follows the U.S. beef intensification pathway toward more industrial feedlots, there could be increases in GHG's, nitrogen losses, and energy use per hectare, water footprint, and also negative external impacts to groundwater and watersheds [75], even though feedlots have been shown to reduce deforestation [76].…”
Section: Carbon Emissions Water Energy and Nitrogen Impacts Of Intmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, even though beef productivity more than doubled, both pasture re-seeding/fertilization and grain supplementation models had greater water footprint (kg/kg cattle BW) and pasture re-seeding/fertilization has greater energy and nitrogen footprints compared to extensive pasture, underscoring the potential environmental impacts that such initial pasture-based intensification entails. If Brazil follows the U.S. beef intensification pathway toward more industrial feedlots, there could be increases in GHG's, nitrogen losses, and energy use per hectare, water footprint, and also negative external impacts to groundwater and watersheds [75], even though feedlots have been shown to reduce deforestation [76].…”
Section: Carbon Emissions Water Energy and Nitrogen Impacts Of Intmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Livestock grazing has long been associated with biodiversity loss in plant and wildlife communities, the dispersal of invasive species, degradation of soil structure, and desertification (Daubenmire, 1940;Savory, 1983;Allen et al, 1991;Savory and Butterworth, 1999;Drewry, 2006;Harrison and Bardgett, 2010;Wirsenius et al, 2010;Alkemade et al, 2013). Cattle grazing and livestock feed production are responsible for >65% of the deforestation that has taken place in Brazil and other tropical and subtropical regions (Vale et al, 2019). Animal agriculture is an important source of ammonia, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) [Parris, 2011; USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), 2017; Food Agriculture Organization, 2019] and blue water withdrawals [USGS (U.S. Geological Service), 2005; Rotz et al, 2019].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As these systems cover the majority of cattle operations in Pará, it is intriguing that, under such conditions of poor pasture management, clean pastures still expanded 16.5%, herds doubled (from 10.2 to 20.2), and exports of beef and live cattle steadily increased (Pacheco and Poccard-Chapuis 2012;IBGE 2016;Comex-Stat/MDIC 2016). While pressure over the beef production chain played an important role in reducing the expansion of pastures over newly deforested lands, only gains in productivity could have sustained the observed increases in cattle production; however, as various authors have already emphasized, these changes are restricted and conditioned to specific contexts (Bowman et al 2012;Pacheco and Poccard-Chapuis 2012;Vale et al 2019).…”
Section: Systems and Pasture Management Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These findings help explain the spatial distribution of high-impact systems found in Pará. Still important is the expansion of confinements in increasing cattle productivity: between 2009 and 2012, concomitantly with increased pressure against deforestation, confinements expanded in the biome, particularly in Rondonia and Pará, where new 42 confinements emerged in the period (Vale et al 2019).…”
Section: Spatial Diversity Of Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%