“…The online advertising market is an important part of the modern economy, accounting for more than $200 billion in annual revenue in the US alone (IAB, 2023). Many technology companies monetize their services through advertising, and the targeting capabilities enabled by online advertising help sustain small businesses and expand the set of offered product varieties (Baslandze et al, 2023). At the same time, the heavy use of consumer data in online advertising has raised concerns about consumer privacy.…”