The Experience of Gas Pipeline Stress-Strain State Control With Usage of the Metal Magnetic Memory Method as Compared With Conventional Methods and Stress Control Means

A, Doubov A; Demin, E.A.; Milyaev, A.I.; Steklov, O. I.

doi:10.1007/bf03377346

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The irreversible variation of this magnetic state is retained after the external tension is removed, so this phenomenon is called "metal magnetic memory" [24]. The leakage magnetic fields on the surfaces of the metal stress concentration zones have a maximum value of the tangential component Hp(x), and the normal component Hp(y) changes the sign and has a zero point, as shown in Figure 1, which is the commonly used criteria basis of the MMM method [25][26][27]. Compared with other non-destructive testing methods, the MMM method has unique advantages in the stress detection of metal materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Internal Force Detection of Steel Bars Covered by Concrete Based on the Metal Magnetic Memory Effect

Pang

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2019

Metals

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In this paper, the specimens of steel bars covered by concrete (SBCC) are taken as research objects, and a new method for steel bar internal force detection based on the metal magnetic memory effect is proposed. The variation law of the self-magnetic flux leakage (SMFL) signals on the surfaces of SBCC specimens with loading tension and the variation of the SMFL signals along the axial positions of specimens under different tensile forces are studied. The results show that when the loading tension is about 90% of the yield tension, the tangential component of the SMFL signal has a maximum extreme point. The distribution of the SMFL signals along the axial position shows a smooth curve, where the values at both ends are small while the intermediate values are large. This paper also proposes the use of the "area ratio deviation parameter" to quantitatively calculate the internal forces of the steel bars. This parameter shows a significant linear relationship with the loading tension during the strengthening stage of the specimens. This method can supplement the existing steel bar stress detection methods and has prospective research value. damage detection (destruction, semi-destruction) and non-destructive detection [5,6]. Compared with damage detection, non-destructive detection has the advantages of high precision, small error, and no destruction to the structure, so it is used more now [7]. The traditional non-destructive stress detection methods, such as ultrasonic testing [8,9], eddy current testing [10,11], and X-ray testing [12,13], cannot detect early damage of steel bars [14]. In order to accurately detect the early damage of metal materials by means of non-destructive detection, some effective and new methods based on the physics have come into being [15][16][17]. Metal magnetic memory (MMM) detection technology is one of them [18,19], which was first proposed by Russian scholar Dubov [20]. The basic principle of MMM detection can be summarized as follows: Ferromagnetics indicate that magnetism is a basic property of matter, and that any substance is magnetic. When putting any substance in a magnetic field, under the action of a magnetic field, the substance will be magnetized. The reason why a substance is magnetic is because there is a phenomenon in which electrons rotate and spin around the nucleus, and the magnetic properties of the substance can be quantified by magnetic moments [21,22]. The steel bars in reinforced concrete structures are typical metal materials, and their interior structure can be regarded as being composed of many magnetic domains. The interface between the magnetic domains is called the magnetic domain wall [23]. When subjected to the geomagnetic field, the steel bars are magnetized to excite the magnetic fields around themselves, which form the initial magnetic fields under the action of the geomagnetic field. When the steel bars are subjected to the external tension, under the action of the tensile forces and the geomagnetic field, the magnetic domain structures orient and irre...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Internal Force Detection of Steel Bars Covered by Concrete Based on the Metal Magnetic Memory Effect

Pang

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…The dissipated plastic strain energy associated with each level of damage is computed and used to calculate the mechanical index of damage, ID. This ID index is basically the ratio between the amount of dissipated energy and the maximum (ultimate) amount of energy that the damper can Some previous research on the damage of steel components has involved the MMM technique [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. To date, however, no published study has applied the MMM technique for inspection of metallic dampers with posterior validation by means of a reliable mechanical damage index.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic Slit-Plate Dampers: Damage Evaluation with Metal Magnetic Memory Technique and Application to Structures with Rocking Columns

Abarkane

Ríos-García

Galé-Lamuela

et al. 2019

Metals

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Inelastic deformation of metallic materials is one of the most effective mechanisms for the dissipation of energy input to a structure by an earthquake. Metallic dampers are special devices that resort to this source of energy dissipation, proving to be a cost-efficient solution for the seismic protection of structures. Two important issues arise when implementing metallic dampers in real structures: (1) Inelastic deformations cause damage that must be quantified after an earthquake to decide upon their eventual replacement; (2) dampers must possess an energy dissipation capacity large enough to endure severe earthquakes. This paper focuses on a particular type of metallic damper consisting of slit-plates made of stainless steel, applied to reinforced concrete frames with rocking columns at the first story. In particular, a new damage index based on the metallic magnetic memory (MMM) method is proposed and validated experimentally to quantify the damage of slit plate dampers subjected to cyclic loadings. Further, the seismic response of a frame with rocking columns that incorporate the damper is obtained to demonstrate that it can endure severe earthquakes without failing, and to emphasize the relevance of the proposed MMM damage index that would make its replacement after a severe earthquake unnecessary.

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“…1,2 The physical mechanism of MMM is the magnetomechanical effect under the constant weak magnetic field of the Earth. [3][4][5][6] The magnetic state of ferromagnetic structures under geomagnetic fields varies with stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the relationship between non-uniform stresses and residual magnetizations under geomagnetic fields

Chen

2016

AIP Advances

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The quantitative relationship between non-uniform stresses and stress-induced residual magnetizations in ferromagnetic materials under geomagnetic fields was investigated. A ferromagnetic steel specimen with two symmetric notches was stretched to generate a non-uniform stress distribution. The residual leakage magnetic field and surface strain of the specimen were detected. Stress distribution was calculated according to the tested stress–strain curve of the material. The residual magnetization inside the specimen was reconstructed using residual leakage magnetic field signals. The quantitative relationship between stress and stress-induced residual magnetization was then established. Stress-induced residual magnetization was observed along the stress direction, and the intensity of the residual magnetization increased almost linearly with increasing stress.

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The Experience of Gas Pipeline Stress-Strain State Control With Usage of the Metal Magnetic Memory Method as Compared With Conventional Methods and Stress Control Means

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

A New Method for Internal Force Detection of Steel Bars Covered by Concrete Based on the Metal Magnetic Memory Effect

A New Method for Internal Force Detection of Steel Bars Covered by Concrete Based on the Metal Magnetic Memory Effect

Metallic Slit-Plate Dampers: Damage Evaluation with Metal Magnetic Memory Technique and Application to Structures with Rocking Columns

Quantitative analysis of the relationship between non-uniform stresses and residual magnetizations under geomagnetic fields

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