The experimental study of microwave heating on the microstructure of oil shale samples

Zhu, Jingyi; Yang, Zhaozhong; Liu, Xiaogang; Qi, Shuangyu; Fang, Quantang; Ding, Yi

doi:10.1002/ese3.311

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Moreover, the hard and brittle properties of the selected specimen can be well reproduced following the cohesion weakening and frictional strengthening (CWFS) model proposed by Hajiabdolmajid et al. To realistically represent the intrinsic properties of the underground engineering rockmass, the material heterogeneity was fully considered and specified in the software. Rock heterogeneity was applied on each element via elemental basis, allowing each to have an independent value assigned for the five material parameters.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of a Hard Rock Specimen Containing Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results indicated that the oval flaw angle has a great effect on crack initiation and propagation and further explained the wing tensile crack propagation evolution law in detail. Zhu et al investigated the effects of inclusions filled in prefabricated holes on the mechanical properties and fracture evolution of rock‐like materials under uniaxial compression tests. They found both the inclusion type and shape are important factors affecting sandstone strength and deformation properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of fractures of a hard rock specimen via unloading of central hole with different sectional shapes

Fan

Chen

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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Hard rock failure and rockburst hazards under high in situ stresses have been the subject of deep rock mechanics and engineering. Previous investigations employed cubic rock specimens with a central hole for simulation of rock fracturing around deep tunnels at a laboratory scale, while the failure characteristics and crack evolution behavior around different shapes of holes induced by excavation unloading response have been barely considered. A commercially combined finite‐discrete element method (combined FEM/DEM) was used to investigate the failure characteristics and crack propagation process of typical hard rock specimens (marble) via the unloading of central hole with different shapes. Rock heterogeneity was also considered in the model in combination with the engineering reality. The combined FEM/DEM approach was first validated by simulating uniaxial compression and Brazilian tests. Then, the parametrical analysis was conducted in detail on the basis of five different sectional shapes of central holes, including a circle, ellipse, U‐shape, trapezoid, and cube, and two lateral pressure coefficients. Analysis of crack propagation paths, released strain energy, displacement, and average velocity distribution of the monitoring points around the central hole suggests that the failure degree and destruction intensity are strongly related to the sectional shape and lateral pressure coefficients. Hard and brittle rock failure induced by the excavation unloading effect can be classified as stable failure (slabbing failure) and unstable failure (strain rockburst). The cubic, trapezoidal, and U‐shaped holes within the specimen are the most likely to induce unstable failure, while stable failure is the dominant failure pattern around circular and elliptical holes. The lateral pressure coefficient λ was also found to affect failure position and intensity (only for the axisymmetric section) around the central hole. The influence of rock heterogeneity on failure intensity and range around the central hole within the specimen was also discussed. This study emphasizes the importance and necessity of the excavation unloading effect when evaluating surrounding rock failure around deep tunnels.

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Section: Numerical Simulation Of a Hard Rock Specimen Containing Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of fractures of a hard rock specimen via unloading of central hole with different sectional shapes

Fan

Chen

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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“…Microwave produces more efficient heat at the adsorption in the material but crude oil does not have good adsorption in the microwave. Microwave heating is affected by the design of the microwave source and dielectric properties [83], [84]. The nature of the dielectric depends on the operating frequency, reservoir temperature, etc.…”

Section: High Frequency Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Heating for Heavy Oil: Past, Current, and Future Prospect

Hasibuan¹,

Regina²,

Wahyu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper presents a review of the electrical heating method for heavy oil recovery based on past, current, and future prospects of electrical heating. Heavy oil is one of the potential crude oil used as a link to reduce the crisis of light oil used today. The obstacle of heavy oil is a high viscosity and density in which thermal injection is a method for heavy oil recovery, but it results in economic and environmental issues. Electrical heating is one of the thermal methods by transferring heat into the reservoir. The basic process of electrical heating is to increase the mobility of the oil. Because the temperature rises, it can reduce oil viscosity and makes it easier for heavy oil to flow. The past and current developments have been carried out to fill up the gap of electrical heating projects. The future prospects must meet energy efficiency, and the excessive heat will damage formation that must be tackled in the future prospect. the works adopt several electrical heating projects and applications in the world where the works give a brief future prospect of electrical heating.

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“…It is called a microwave because of a short wavelength in which microwave produces more efficient heat at the adsorption in the material but crude oil does not have good adsorption in the microwave. Therefore, the design and dielectric properties affect microwave heating (H. J. Zhu et al, 2019).…”

Section: B High Frequency (Microwave Heating)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prospect of Electrical Enhanced Oil Recovery for Heavy Oil: A Review

Afdhol

Erfando

Hidayat

et al. 2020

J. earth energy eng.

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This paper presents a review of electrical heating for the recovery of heavy oil which the work adopts methods used in the past and the prospects for crude oil recovery in the future. Heavy oil is one of the crude oils with API more than 22 which has the potential to overcome the current light oil crisis. However, high viscosity and density are challenges in heavy oil recovery. The method is often used to overcome these challenges by using thermal injection methods, but this method results in economic and environmental issues. The electrical heating method could be a solution to replace conventional thermal methods in which the methodology of electrical heating is to transfer heat into the reservoir due to increasing oil mobility. Because the temperature rises, it could help to reduce oil viscosity, then heavy oil will flow easily. The applications of electrical heating have been adopted in this paper where the prospects of electrical heating are carried out to be useful as guidelines of electrical heating. The challenge of electrical heating is the excessive heat will damage the formation that must be addressed in the prospect of electrical heating which must meet energy efficiency. The use of Artificial intelligence becomes a new technology to overcome problems that are often found in conventional thermal methods where this method could avoid steam breakthrough and excessive heat. Therefore, it becomes more efficient and could reduce costs.

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The experimental study of microwave heating on the microstructure of oil shale samples

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

Analysis of fractures of a hard rock specimen via unloading of central hole with different sectional shapes

Analysis of fractures of a hard rock specimen via unloading of central hole with different sectional shapes

Electrical Heating for Heavy Oil: Past, Current, and Future Prospect

The Prospect of Electrical Enhanced Oil Recovery for Heavy Oil: A Review

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