“…To better understand knowledge sharing in higher education institutions, numerous empirical research was performed in a range of contexts, including Malaysia (Fauzi, 2023;Fauzi, Nya-Ling, et al, 2018Fauzi, Tan Nya-Ling, et al, 2019;Hosen et al, 2020;Rahman et al, 2018), Bangladesh (Rahman et al, 2018(Rahman et al, , 2021, Hongkong (Lo & Tian, 2020), Pakistan (Bibi & Ali, 2017;Javaid et al, 2020), Portugal (Chedid et al, 2020(Chedid et al, , 2022, United Kingdom (Fullwood & Rowley, 2017), and Saudi Arabia (Almurqin et al, 2020). Some theories were popularly used to analyse determinants of knowledge sharing among academician, such as: Theory of Reasoned Action (Chedid et al, 2020;Fullwood & Rowley, 2017), Theory of Planned Behavior (Fauzi, Nya-Ling, et al, 2018Fauzi, Tan Nya-Ling et al, 2019;Hosen et al, 2020), and Social Capital Theory (Fauzi, Nya-Ling, et al, 2018Fauzi, Tan Nya-Ling, et al, 2019).…”