The Expression of Enzyme Activity of Biopsy Tissue from the Small Intestine

Scott, B B; Fairman, M. J.; Toothill, C.; Losowsky, M. S.

doi:10.1159/000198002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The assay conditions described in the present study measured total available enterokinase since the majority of the enterokinase activity was present in the supernatant after incubation and transfer of the same mucosal sample to a second incubate showed minimal enterokinase activity. Furthermore, it has been pointed out by Scott et al (1977) that the specific activities of other mucosal enzymes are best expressed per wet weight of fresh mucosa. The estimation of enterokinase in mucosal samples snapfrozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70 "C was inconsistent and all assays were carried out on fresh mucosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of enterokinase synthesis in animal and human small intestine by luminal signals: Its implication in upper gastrointestinal surgery

Bett

1979

Journal of British Surgery

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Enterokinase is an enzyme produced by the mucosa of the small intestine. Its sole function is to activate trypsinogen to trypsin. In animals and man the duodenum and proximal jejunum have high levels of activity whereas the remaining small bowel has minimal levels. A reproducible assay was developed for measuring mucosal enterokinase activity applicable to operative and endoscopic biopsies. Anaesthetic and operative techniques were developed for small intestinal resections in guinea-pigs to ensure their long term survival. Transposition of high-enterokinase-secreting segments of guinea-pig small intestine to low-enterokinase regions and vice versa showed no alteration of enterokinase activity in the transposed segments. Similarly, resection of the enterokinase region in five proximal pancreaticoduodenectomy operations in man revealed no induction of enterokinase in the remaining jejunum at endoscopy 6 months later. Isolation of high-enterokinase-secreting segments of small bowel from their luminal continuity by fashioning of Thiry--Vella fistulas led to a decay of enterokinase activity to minimal levels within 12--16 h. Perfusion of these fistulas with trypsin and sodium, or chymotrypsin and sodium, prevented this decay. If the enterokinase was allowed to decay over 24 h its activity could be restored to 80 per cent of its normal level by perfusion for 24 h with trypsin and sodium. Trypsin and sodium acti in combination on an enterocyte membrane receptor to stimulate enterokinase synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of enterokinase synthesis in animal and human small intestine by luminal signals: Its implication in upper gastrointestinal surgery

Bett

1979

Journal of British Surgery

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“…The enzyme activities were expressed as IU/g tissue wet weight, since separate studies (Scott et al, 1977) have shown this to be the preferred method of expression. However, in order to compare our reference range with values quoted for healthy volunteers in a previous publication (Greenberg et al, 1967), the control results were also expressed as IU/g protein.…”

Section: Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jejunal mucosal gamma glutamyl transferase activity in coeliac disease.

Fairman¹,

Scott²,

Toothill³

et al. 1977

Gut

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Longitudinal Distribution of Mucosal Enzymes in the Human Large Bowel

Børkje

Skagen

Andersen

et al. 1986

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology

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The distribution of a series of mucosal enzymes along the large bowel was studied by analysis of homogenized biopsy specimens from five different segments, obtained from 20 control patients. The activities varied significantly between the segments for the membrane enzymes lactase (p less than 0.005), alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.0005), leucyl-beta-naphthylamidase (p less than 0.0001), and 5'-nucleotidase (p less than 0.001) and the mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase (p less than 0.0005) when tested by analysis of variance modified for repeated measurements. When paired comparisons between segments were evaluated, the enzyme activities of the proximal large bowel were significantly higher than those of distal segments. The levels of sucrase, neutral-alpha-glucosidase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and lysosomal enzymes remained unchanged throughout the large intestine, as did the protein to DNA ratio. The results are compatible with the theory that different segments of the large bowel have different functions.

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The Expression of Enzyme Activity of Biopsy Tissue from the Small Intestine

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Regulation of enterokinase synthesis in animal and human small intestine by luminal signals: Its implication in upper gastrointestinal surgery

Regulation of enterokinase synthesis in animal and human small intestine by luminal signals: Its implication in upper gastrointestinal surgery

Jejunal mucosal gamma glutamyl transferase activity in coeliac disease.

Longitudinal Distribution of Mucosal Enzymes in the Human Large Bowel

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