The “Extra-Bristle” complex inDrosophila melanogaster and its reaction with scute

Sparrow, A.H.; Reed, Sheldon C.

doi:10.1007/bf02982883

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A significant association coefficient of I is calculated from the pooled values of the scute males from these crossings. The total association between the asc and psc bristles is consistent with the pattern hypothesis (SPARROW and REED, 1940) which says that there is a maximum effect on a particular bristle area for each mutation and where the expressivity is high, there can be a spread of the effect to adjacent bristles. As in the extra bristle mutations described by those authors, the center of the scute effect investigated here is situated at the asc bristles, but unlike extra bristle it spreads posteriorly.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

“…Some of the differences in these experiments could be due to more or less highly developed buffering systems in the different strains, but as the environmental conditions are relatively constant, probably most of the variation depends on differences in the polygenic systems that work with genes of small, similar and supplementary effect on the increase or decrease in the number of bristles. A particular phenotypic manifestation is the increase in bristle number, earlier found in several different species of Drosophila, as in D. melanogaster (SPARROW and REED, 1940) and D. virilis (GIRVIN, 1949), and described by SPENCER (DIS I ) in D. funebris as the mutant extra. This mutation gives extra bristles close to the asc bristles on one or both sides of the scutellum.…”

Section: Variation I N the Scutellar Bristle Number I N The Diffementioning

confidence: 87%

“…NEEL (1940) has obtained the same results as CIHLD (1936) with some genes causing extra bristles, while PLUNKETT (1926) has found in Dichaete a definite pattern of bristle distribution with association coefficients of I (total association) between bristles close to each other. SPARROW and REED (1940) in an investigation of the extra bristle complex in D. melanogaster and its reaction with scutes showed significant associations between certain bristle pairs, and assumed that there must be a determination stream which originates at the anterior scutellar bristles and diffuses in all directions but more rapidly anteriorly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While CHILD (1935) did not find any significant association between the bristles from different scute mutations, PLUNKETT in work on Dichaete and SPARROW and REED on extra bristles found significant association between some bristles situated fiear each other. The formula for the association coefficient given by SPARROW and REED (1940) is not valid if less than about I "/o of the bristles of one kind are missing. As this is the case with the psc bristles in the pure scute stock which has been selected for the two anterior scutellar bristles in 25 generations, no association coefficient could be determined there.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in the Manifestation of the Scute Mutation in Different Strains of Drosophila Funebris

Perje

1955

Acta Zoologica

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Variation I N the Scutellar Bristle Number I N The Diffementioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in the Manifestation of the Scute Mutation in Different Strains of Drosophila Funebris

Perje

1955

Acta Zoologica

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“…Facts similar to the above can be found in the work of several investigators. PLUNKETT (1926) and STURTEVANT and SCHULTZ (1931) found, to quote PLUNKETT, that "in many cases a gene which alone has apparently no effect upon a particular bristle greatly intensifies the effectiveness of another gene in removing that bristle" (p. 192). HERSH (1929) marked different sections of the X chromosome with mutant genes and found that some sections acted as positive modifiers of eye-facet number in Bar-eyed flies, some as negative modifiers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Interaction of Mutations Affecting the Chaetae of Drosophila Melanogaster. I. The Interaction of Hairy, Polychaetoid, and Hairy Wing

Neel

1941

Genetics

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The development of the bristles in normal and some mutant types ofDrosophila melanogaster

1942

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

102

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This paper describes the development of the normal macro- and micro-chaetae of Drosophila , together with that of twelve mutant types. The phenotypes of twenty combinations of these genes have been studied. Each normal bristle is secreted by a single cell, the trichogen, which lies beneath a tormogen cell which secretes a socket. These bristle cells are first distinguishable in the epidermis at about 15 hr. after puparium formation, when they have already divided to form a pair, and are slightly larger than the normal epidermal cells. The secretion of the bristle proceeds most rapidly between 30 and 55 hr., during which time the bristle cells are very large and obviously highly polyploid. The socket, apparently, does not completely enclose the base of the bristle in the earliest stages. The development of the microchaetae is essentially similar to that of the macrochaetae. The actions of the twelve genes can be summarized as follows: Scute causes a primary absence of certain bristle cells, and extra-bristle-complex -41 e and hairy the presence of supernumerary groups. Split frequently causes an extra division, so that a group of four cells is formed; these may be arranged as two trichogens and two tormogens, or one trichogen and three tormogens; or the whole group may fail to reach the surface of the epithelium, when no bristle or socket is formed. Dichaete may produce an effect similar to the last-described of split , and it may also cause an extra division of the trichogen, producing a double bristle in a single socket. Hairless causes the trichogens of some bristle groups to lie level with the tormogens, and to develop like them into sockets. In Stubble the tormogens are shifted rather to one side of the trichogens, so that the bristle is less closely invested by the socket, and becomes thicker and shorter. In shaven-naked the trichogen is irregularly displaced, becoming more or less converted into a tormogen; the small bristle which may be secreted is often peculiarly fanned out at the tip, suggesting an effect of the gene on the nature of the material secreted. Spineless and morula slow down the growth of the bristle cells. Singed, forked and Bristle all affect the nature of the bristle secretion, there being some reason to suggest that the effects of Bristle and singed may be similar and different to that of forked.

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The “Extra-Bristle” complex inDrosophila melanogaster and its reaction with scute

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Variation in the Manifestation of the Scute Mutation in Different Strains of Drosophila Funebris

Variation in the Manifestation of the Scute Mutation in Different Strains of Drosophila Funebris

Studies on the Interaction of Mutations Affecting the Chaetae of Drosophila Melanogaster. I. The Interaction of Hairy, Polychaetoid, and Hairy Wing

The development of the bristles in normal and some mutant types ofDrosophila melanogaster

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