The Extracellular Protein, Transthyretin Is an Oxidative Stress Biomarker

Sharma, Maneesh; Khan, Shabana; Rahman, Safikur; Singh, Laishram Rajendrakumar

doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00005

Cited by 70 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…TTR level was elevated in heart of obese animals but decreased also after weight loss. TTR may be used as a biomarker of stress disorders ( 36 ), oxidative stress ( 37 ), lean body mass, and catabolic states ( 38 ). RBP4 was shown as a marker of insulin resistance ( 39 ), but these results are inconclusive ( 35 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and Structural Manifestations of Cardiomyopathy in Rat Models of Obesity and Weight Loss

et al. 2021

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Obesity cardiomyopathy increases the risk of heart failure and death. Obesity is curable, leading to the restoration of the heart phenotype, but it is not clear if there are any after-effects of obesity present after weight loss. We characterize the proteomic landscape of obesity cardiomyopathy with an evaluation of whether the cardiac phenotype is still shaped after weight loss. Cardiomyopathy was validated by cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, oversized myocytes, and mTOR upregulation in a rat model of cafeteria diet-induced developmental obesity. By global proteomic techniques (LC-MS/MS) a plethora of molecular changes was observed in the heart and circulation of obese animals, suggesting abnormal utilization of metabolic substrates. This was confirmed by increased levels of cardiac ACSL-1, a key enzyme for fatty acid degradation and decreased GLUT-1, a glucose transporter in obese rats. Calorie restriction and weight loss led to the normalization of the heart’s size, but fibrosis was still excessive. The proteomic compositions of cardiac tissue and plasma were different after weight loss as compared to control. In addition to morphological consequences, obesity cardiomyopathy involves many proteomic changes. Weight loss provides for a partial repair of the heart’s architecture, but the trace of fibrotic deposition and proteomic alterations may occur.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and Structural Manifestations of Cardiomyopathy in Rat Models of Obesity and Weight Loss

et al. 2021

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“…The Ttr gene encodes a protein called transthyretin that is mainly synthesized by the liver and choroid plexus and is secreted in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, respectively (53). TTR expression in the brain is mainly localized in the ependymal cells of the choroid plexus, appearing additionally in the meninges as well as in neurons under stress conditions or pathological conditions (54)(55)(56)(57)(58). The transthyretin is organized as functional homotetramers (TTRs) that are capable of transporting thyroxin hormone and retinol binding protein complex (59).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top Common Differentially Expressed Genes in the Epileptogenic Nucleus of Two Strains of Rodents Susceptible to Audiogenic Seizures: WAR and GASH/Sal

et al. 2020

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“…Somewhat similar considerations are true for prealbumin, also termed transthyretin. This extracellular protein aids in the transport of vitamin A in form of retinol binding protein (RBP) and thyroxin in the plasma and its role in OS has been highlighted [ 128 ].…”

Section: Origin and Propagation Of Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice—Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes?

Menzel¹,

Samouda

Dohet³

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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Many chronic conditions such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type-2 diabetes, obesity, peripheral/coronary artery disease and auto-immune diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation. Closely related to inflammation is oxidative stress (OS), which can be either causal or secondary to inflammation. While a low level of OS is physiological, chronically increased OS is deleterious. Therefore, valid biomarkers of these signalling pathways may enable detection and following progression of OS/inflammation as well as to evaluate treatment efficacy. Such biomarkers should be stable and obtainable through non-invasive methods and their determination should be affordable and easy. The most frequently used inflammatory markers include acute-phase proteins, essentially CRP, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and procalcitonin, and cytokines, predominantly TNFα, interleukins 1β, 6, 8, 10 and 12 and their receptors and IFNγ. Some cytokines appear to be disease-specific. Conversely, OS—being ubiquitous—and its biomarkers appear less disease or tissue-specific. These include lipid peroxidation products, e.g., F2-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde, DNA breakdown products (e.g., 8-OH-dG), protein adducts (e.g., carbonylated proteins), or antioxidant status. More novel markers include also –omics related ones, as well as non-invasive, questionnaire-based measures, such as the dietary inflammatory-index (DII), but their link to biological responses may be variable. Nevertheless, many of these markers have been clearly related to a number of diseases. However, their use in clinical practice is often limited, due to lacking analytical or clinical validation, or technical challenges. In this review, we strive to highlight frequently employed and useful markers of inflammation-related OS, including novel promising markers.

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The Extracellular Protein, Transthyretin Is an Oxidative Stress Biomarker

Cited by 70 publications

References 79 publications

Proteomic and Structural Manifestations of Cardiomyopathy in Rat Models of Obesity and Weight Loss

Proteomic and Structural Manifestations of Cardiomyopathy in Rat Models of Obesity and Weight Loss

Top Common Differentially Expressed Genes in the Epileptogenic Nucleus of Two Strains of Rodents Susceptible to Audiogenic Seizures: WAR and GASH/Sal

Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice—Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes?

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