2019
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62515-7_26
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The Extreme Lateral Approach to the Craniovertebral Junction: An Anatomical Study

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…The approaches were cited, but no quantitative data was given in most of the studies. Among the preferred ones were the far lateral (FL) [24,37,68,71,78], modified far lateral (modified FL) [56,75], Eextended far lateral (EFL) [37], extreme lateral (EL) [3,6,37,42,60,66,73,78], lateral (Lat) [14,46], suboccipital (SO) [9, 11, 13, 19, 21-23, 29, 35, 78, 79], transcondylar (TC) [2,7,36,62,64], transoral (TO) [4,20,63], or transpetrosal [54] with small technical variations also described (Table 3).…”
Section: Surgical Approaches and Anatomical Challengesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The approaches were cited, but no quantitative data was given in most of the studies. Among the preferred ones were the far lateral (FL) [24,37,68,71,78], modified far lateral (modified FL) [56,75], Eextended far lateral (EFL) [37], extreme lateral (EL) [3,6,37,42,60,66,73,78], lateral (Lat) [14,46], suboccipital (SO) [9, 11, 13, 19, 21-23, 29, 35, 78, 79], transcondylar (TC) [2,7,36,62,64], transoral (TO) [4,20,63], or transpetrosal [54] with small technical variations also described (Table 3).…”
Section: Surgical Approaches and Anatomical Challengesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The twelfth cranial nerve, also known as hypoglossal nerve (HN), is a purely somatomotor nerve providing innervation to the extrinsic (genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus) and intrinsic musculature of the tongue. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Since it is commonly encountered in surgical approaches to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ), [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] a detailed knowledge of its anatomy is essential. Lesions of the HN lead to a paralysis of both intrinsic and extrinsic tongue musculature causing dysarthria and swallowing disturbances.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%