The eye as a window to the brain

Pless, Misha L

doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.202317

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…On the one hand, although the eye and the cranial cavity are two separate anatomical chambers, these two cavities are connected by the optic nerve, and IOP and ICP interreact via CSF‐containing subarachnoid space around the optic nerve. On the other hand, both of the organs are similar in microenvironment, including immune features, neurotrophic factors, vascular regulation, and biological barrier [42].…”

Section: Basic Research Of “Dual‐pressure Theory”mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Dual‐pressure theory” in pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy from the Beijing intracranial and intraocular pressure study

Cheng,

Yusufu,

Weinreb

et al. 2024

Eye & ENT Research

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The mechanical theory of glaucoma indicates that high intraocular pressure (IOP) leads to glaucomatous optic nerve damage. However, nearly half of primary open‐angle glaucoma patients with normal intraocular pressure also exhibit progression of what appears to be glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Our earlier prospective study identified for the first time that the relatively low intracranial pressure (ICP) is also an important risk factor for progressive glaucomatous injury of normal‐tension glaucoma. When considering the results of studies in nonhuman primates, clinical research, large‐scale natural‐population studies, and basic laboratory investigations, a new understanding of the pathophysiology of glaucoma, the “Dual‐Pressure Theory”, has been proposed. This theory states that “either high IOP or low ICP contributes to increasing the translaminar cribrosa pressure difference; it is the pressure difference rather than the IOP alone that results in the glaucomatous optic neuropathy”. Here, we provide a systematic introduction to Dual‐Pressure Theory relating to glaucoma, the form of a research map, an outline of basic laboratory investigations, the main methodology, and research updates.

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Section: Basic Research Of “Dual‐pressure Theory”mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Dual‐pressure theory” in pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy from the Beijing intracranial and intraocular pressure study

Cheng,

Yusufu,

Weinreb

et al. 2024

Eye & ENT Research

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show abstract

“…It consists of diverse cell types, including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which act as the primary output neurons of the retina, transmitting their axons through the optic nerve to the brain. Due to the shared embryological origin and the close anatomical relationship between the retina and the brain, there is a hypothesis that reti-nal changes might reflect alterations in the central nervous system in neurodegenerative diseases and systemic disease [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson's Disease: What Can Retinal Imaging Tell Us?

Di Pippo,

d’Agostino,

Ruggeri

et al. 2024

J. Integr. Neurosci.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. While the diagnosis of PD primarily relies on clinical assessments and neurological examination, there has been growing interest in exploring non-invasive imaging techniques to aid in early detection and monitoring of the disease. In recent years, retinal imaging has emerged as a promising tool for studying PD due to the close anatomical and functional similarities between the retina and the brain. Retinal imaging methods, such as spectral domain optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography, enable non-intrusive visualization and measurement of retinal structures and blood vessels. These techniques hold the promise of capturing alterations in retinal structure and function that could potentially mirror the underlying pathological mechanisms in PD. This review article aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of retinal changes in PD and the potential utility of retinal imaging as a diagnostic and monitoring tool.

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The eye as a window to the brain

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

“Dual‐pressure theory” in pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy from the Beijing intracranial and intraocular pressure study

“Dual‐pressure theory” in pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy from the Beijing intracranial and intraocular pressure study

Parkinson's Disease: What Can Retinal Imaging Tell Us?

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