The F.A.’s ban of women’s football 1921 in the contemporary press – a historical discourse analysis

Jenkel, Lisa

doi:10.1080/17460263.2020.1726441

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Women resented the gendered access to rugby during their childhood, noting that contact sport was ‘banned for girls’ but curricular for boys. This casual prohibition draws upon parallels of attempted and actual bans of women in football and rugby [ 38 , 39 ], albeit in a more covert way. Denying girls the opportunities to play contact rugby, whilst facilitating and promoting boy’s rugby, reinforces historic attitudes whereby women’s bodies are associated with fragility and cannot withstand contact sport [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Probably just sexism’- gendered experiences of resource access in rugby

Petrie,

Mackintosh,

Starbuck

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Research pertaining to the experiences of women in rugby is scarce, which, coupled with the limited visibility of the sport and difficulty accessing resources, suggest that women’s rugby remains undervalued. Indeed, evidence of such gender inequalities remains largely anecdotal, with little rigorous research undertaken to understand the perspectives of women in rugby. This study aimed to explore the experiences of a diverse cohort of rugby players in relation to their participation in the sport and their ability to access resources. Twenty UK-based rugby players (10 men, 9 women and 1 non-binary person aged 29.1 ± 8.3 years) from school, university, club, military, and semi-professional environments, volunteered to participate in semi-structured interviews (36 ± 12 minutes) discussing their rugby experiences in relation to their gender and playing level. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken. A widespread under-prioritisation of women in rugby was highlighted. Gender biases were apparent in access to changing rooms, pitches, quality coaches, and playing opportunities, and were reportedly propagated at the managerial level. Irrespective of gender, some amateur players reported difficulty accessing a suitable rugby environment. Insufficient player numbers precluded the formation of second teams, often resulting in inexperienced players competing beyond their ability. Women’s rugby players experienced considerable gender bias. This exploratory study highlights a need to address such issues to protect player welfare. Interventions to change the culture in rugby clubs and increased representation of women in managerial positions in rugby are recommended to enact meaningful change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Probably just sexism’- gendered experiences of resource access in rugby

Petrie,

Mackintosh,

Starbuck

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…It was even harder for married women, as husbands often forbade their wives from playing football, which made it a sport mainly for unmarried women. 59 It is a bit frustrating for a researcher to observe that despite the opportunity to practice football, Irish women continued for barely more than two years, and then stopped playing. This is a phenomenon found in most countries where women played football in this period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part of the Game: The First Fifty Years of Women’s Football in Ireland and the International Context

Faller¹

2021

SAHJ

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Women’s football in Ireland started in 1895 when the British Ladies’ Football Club (BLFC) visited Belfast for the first time and was followed by a tour the next year, which included some matches labelled ‘Ireland vs. England’. After two decades of silence, World War I saw the restart of women’s football, thanks to Mrs Walter Scott, and this time it was played seriously. Right from the start, the focus was not only on local exhibition matches but also on international selective matches. On Boxing Day in 1917, women’s football history was written, with the first international match of two selected teams in Belfast. After the war, Ireland became part of the international women’s football boom, played several international matches and had close ties to the French Federation. After some years of decline, the 1930s saw the most flourishing years in Irish women’s football before World War II, culminating in the first Irish full international in France, against France, in 1936. After the war, Irish women’s football was back on the international scene again. In this piece, I will show that Ireland—like France, Belgium, Austria and England—was one of the key international players in women’s football history up to the early 1950s. As soon as serious football was played by women, starting in World War I, the Irish ladies were part of the international movement and played international selective matches. This distinguished them from other nations in the 20s and 30s, where women’s football was seen as a show-act and not as a serious sport.

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“…On the 5th of December 1921, the English Football Association (FA) issued a ban prohibiting women's football matches from taking place on pitches owned by clubs associated with the FA (Jenkel, 2021). From those days to the 90s, the FIFA Women's World Cup was established in 1991, and women's football became an Olympic sport in 1996 (Pfister, 2015).…”

Section: Women and Footballmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Stereotyped Barriers Against Women Football Players in Turkey: A Qualitative Perspective on the Eccles’ Expectancy-Value Theory

Elmas

Aşçı

2022

Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences

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The aim of this qualitative research was to investigate the experiences of women football players in Turkey in terms of Eccles’ expectancy-value theory within a gender stereotypes perspective. A phenomenological method was used to allow a deeper understanding of their experiences. The research group of the research consisted of eight women from three different football league levels in Istanbul, Turkey. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted with eight players, the data were analyzed by thematic analysis. The identified themes after content analysis are: (1) loving football; (2) instrumentality of football; (3) socio-cultural barriers against women players; (4) multidimensional perceived costs. According to these findings, we can illustrate that the social, cultural and institutional environment of the women players creates many problems, difficulties, and deprivations in their participation, which have negative influences on their expectancy for success, task values, and future plans in their sports.

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The F.A.’s ban of women’s football 1921 in the contemporary press – a historical discourse analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

‘Probably just sexism’- gendered experiences of resource access in rugby

‘Probably just sexism’- gendered experiences of resource access in rugby

Part of the Game: The First Fifty Years of Women’s Football in Ireland and the International Context

Gender-Stereotyped Barriers Against Women Football Players in Turkey: A Qualitative Perspective on the Eccles’ Expectancy-Value Theory

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