The F-box protein MAX2 contributes to resistance to bacterial phytopathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana

Piisilä, Maria; Keçeli, Mehmet Ali; Brader, Günter; Jakobson, Liina; Jõesaar, Indrek; Sipari, Nina; Kollist, Hannes; Palva, E. Tapio; Kariola, Tarja

doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0434-4

Cited by 110 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…DAB and NBT staining for hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, respectively, were performed as described in Piisilä et al (2015). In situ detection of hydrogen peroxide was performed by vacuum infiltration with 0.1% DAB (Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride, Sigma–Aldrich) in 10 mM MES [2-( N -morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid], pH 6.5, for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxidase-Generated Apoplastic ROS Impair Cuticle Integrity and Contribute to DAMP-Elicited Defenses

et al. 2016

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Cuticular defects trigger a battery of reactions including enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. However, the source of ROS generated by such impaired cuticles has remained elusive. Here, we report the characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana ohy1 mutant, a Peroxidase 57 (PER57) – overexpressing line that demonstrates enhanced defense responses that result both from increased accumulation of ROS and permeability of the leaf cuticle. The ohy1 mutant was identified in a screen of A. thaliana seedlings for oligogalacturonides (OGs) insensitive/hypersensitive mutants that exhibit altered growth retardation in response to exogenous OGs. Mutants impaired in OG sensitivity were analyzed for disease resistance/susceptibility to the necrotrophic phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pectobacterium carotovorum. In the ohy1 line, the hypersensitivity to OGs was associated with resistance to the tested pathogens. This PER57 overexpressing line exhibited a significantly more permeable leaf cuticle than wild-type plants and this phenotype could be recapitulated by overexpressing other class III peroxidases. Such peroxidase overexpression was accompanied by the suppressed expression of cutin biosynthesis genes and the enhanced expression of genes associated with OG-signaling. Application of ABA completely removed ROS, restored the expression of genes associated with cuticle biosynthesis and led to decreased permeability of the leaf cuticle, and finally, abolished immunity to B. cinerea. Our work demonstrates that increased peroxidase activity increases permeability of the leaf cuticle. The loss of cuticle integrity primes plant defenses to necrotrophic pathogens via the activation of DAMP-responses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxidase-Generated Apoplastic ROS Impair Cuticle Integrity and Contribute to DAMP-Elicited Defenses

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously showed that the strigolactone perception mutant max2 has increased susceptibility to plant pathogenic bacteria ( Pseudomonas syringae ) as a result from more open stomata and impaired stomatal closure in response to infection (Piisilä et al, ). Further, we demonstrated that the max2 mutant also exhibits other stress‐related phenotypes such as decreased tolerance to apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS), changes in stress‐related gene expression, and hormonal signaling, that is, increased salicylic acid levels (Piisilä et al, ). However, as MAX2 is known to participate in several signaling pathways and acts as a central regulator in both strigolactone and karrikin signaling (Li et al, ), we set out to clarify the role of strigolactones in plant defense responses by analysis of strigolactone biosynthesis mutants ( max3, max4 ) and their receptor (D14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential role of MAX2 and strigolactones in pathogen, ozone, and stomatal responses

et al. 2020

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Strigolactones are a group of phytohormones that control developmental processes including shoot branching and various plant–environment interactions in plants. We previously showed that the strigolactone perception mutant more axillary branches 2 (max2) has increased susceptibility to plant pathogenic bacteria. Here we show that both strigolactone biosynthesis (max3 and max4) and perception mutants (max2 and dwarf14) are significantly more sensitive to Pseudomonas syringae DC3000. Moreover, in response to P. syringae infection, high levels of SA accumulated in max2 and this mutant was ozone sensitive. Further analysis of gene expression revealed no major role for strigolactone in regulation of defense gene expression. In contrast, guard cell function was clearly impaired in max2 and depending on the assay used, also in max3, max4, and d14 mutants. We analyzed stomatal responses to stimuli that cause stomatal closure. While the response to abscisic acid (ABA) was not impaired in any of the mutants, the response to darkness and high CO2 was impaired in max2 and d14‐1 mutants, and to CO2 also in strigolactone synthesis (max3, max4) mutants. To position the role of MAX2 in the guard cell signaling network, max2 was crossed with mutants defective in ABA biosynthesis or signaling. This revealed that MAX2 acts in a signaling pathway that functions in parallel to the guard cell ABA signaling pathway. We propose that the impaired defense responses of max2 are related to higher stomatal conductance that allows increased entry of bacteria or air pollutants like ozone. Furthermore, as MAX2 appears to act in a specific branch of guard cell signaling (related to CO2 signaling), this protein could be one of the components that allow guard cells to distinguish between different environmental conditions.

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“…Moreover, the drought‐sensitive phenotype of the max mutants has been attributed to effects on photosynthesis (Ha et al, ). Crosstalk between MAX2 and ABA signalling has also been suggested to play a role in the resistance of A. thaliana to bacterial pathogens (Piisilä et al, ). The levels of transcripts encoding SL biosynthetic enzymes were increased following drought in A. thaliana leaves (Ha et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strigolactones positively regulate chilling tolerance in pea and in Arabidopsis

Cooper

Beyyoudh

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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Strigolactones (SL) fulfil important roles in plant development and stress tolerance. Here, we characterized the role of SL in the dark chilling tolerance of pea and Arabidopsis by analysis of mutants that are defective in either SL synthesis or signalling. Pea mutants (rms3, rms4, and rms5) had significantly greater shoot branching with higher leaf chlorophyll a/b ratios and carotenoid contents than the wild type. Exposure to dark chilling significantly decreased shoot fresh weights but increased leaf numbers in all lines. Moreover, dark chilling treatments decreased biomass (dry weight) accumulation only in rms3 and rms5 shoots. Unlike the wild type plants, chilling-induced inhibition of photosynthetic carbon assimilation was observed in the rms lines and also in the Arabidopsis max3-9, max4-1, and max2-1 mutants that are defective in SL synthesis or signalling. When grown on agar plates, the max mutant rosettes accumulated less biomass than the wild type. The synthetic SL, GR24, decreased leaf area in the wild type, max3-9, and max4-1 mutants but not in max2-1 in the absence of stress. In addition, a chilling-induced decrease in leaf area was observed in all the lines in the presence of GR24. We conclude that SL plays an important role in the control of dark chilling tolerance.

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The F-box protein MAX2 contributes to resistance to bacterial phytopathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 110 publications

References 79 publications

Peroxidase-Generated Apoplastic ROS Impair Cuticle Integrity and Contribute to DAMP-Elicited Defenses

Peroxidase-Generated Apoplastic ROS Impair Cuticle Integrity and Contribute to DAMP-Elicited Defenses

Differential role of MAX2 and strigolactones in pathogen, ozone, and stomatal responses

Strigolactones positively regulate chilling tolerance in pea and in Arabidopsis

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