The Face of Early Cognitive Decline? Shape and Asymmetry Predict Choice Reaction Time Independent of Age, Diet or Exercise

Brown, William M.; Usacka, Agnese

doi:10.3390/sym11111364

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 112 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…With age, older people mostly are not able to maintain a healthy spinal vertical tilt presentation. Yet, while facial symmetry increases with age [79], symmetrical men when aged experienced less cognitive decline [80][81][82]. Symmetry may be a reflection of developmental stability in a man's body and body state strength [83] to support mental capacity.…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2022

HACIM

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Former articles have described the gist of the body. The neural, perfusional, and interconnective fascial elements provide the basic adaptive three dimensions in the body since before birth to adulthood as their formation mode each other under similar mechanic-chemico-biological cues into the contextual assembly of the body. With the organ systems operating and self-vitality subsystems adaptively moulding, the individual lives while body form, body state, and body disposition are manifest. For these, there may be irregularities and abnormalities, but the person has the capacity to be snug and fit in living. Defining health or disease depends on sufficiency to live for life's sake, apart from normality standard for clinician's sake. Most previous understanding of diseases have concentrated on abnormalities but neglect how the whole person shades from normality shifting to abnormality. With more overlapping findings in health and disease conditions recognized, this paper tries to bridge what is yet not covered in orthodox medicine. A new body map could emerge and diagnosis should more comprehensively bridge these dichotomized normality and naturalistic approaches. The body form and body state is described from its understanding to its deviations and irregularities. The clinical framework is put forward for clinicians not to miss the main four domains. The clinical framework to be more comprehensive should include looking at the disease generally and locally as well as examining the body for the elaborate details in form makeup and body state in terms of a conglomerate profile. Lacking one of these four clinical domains in clinical presentation may greatly bias treatment methods. This understanding would also help developing better therapy modalities and can bridge Chinese and Western Medicine.

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Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2022

HACIM

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Emergence of a left-right symmetric body plan in vertebrate embryos

Bardhan,

Bhargava,

Dighe

et al. 2024

Current Topics in Developmental Biology

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Developmental instability, fluctuating asymmetry, and human psychological science

Gangestad

2022

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

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Developmental instability (DI) is an individual's inability to produce a specific developmental outcome under a given set of conditions, generally thought to result from random perturbations experienced during development. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) — asymmetry on bilateral features that, on average, are symmetrical (or asymmetry deviating from that arising from design) — has been used to measure DI. Dating to half a century ago, and accelerating in the past three decades, psychological researchers have examined associations between FA (typically measured on bodily or facial features) and a host of outcomes of interest, including psychological disorders, cognitive ability, attractiveness, and sexual behavior. A decade ago, a meta-analysis on findings from nearly 100 studies extracted several conclusions. On average, small but statistically reliable associations between FA and traits of interest exist. Though modest, these associations are expected to greatly underestimate the strength of associations with underlying DI. Despite the massive sample size across studies, we still lack a good handle on which traits are most strongly affected by DI. A major methodological implication of the meta-analysis is that most studies have been, individually, woefully underpowered to detect associations. Though offering some intriguing findings, much research is the past decade too has been underpowered; hence, the newer literature is also likely noisy. Several large-scale studies are exceptions. Future progress depends on additional large-scale studies and researchers’ sensitivity to power issues. As well, theoretical assumptions and conceptualizations of DI and FA driving psychological research may need revision to explain empirical patterns.

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The Face of Early Cognitive Decline? Shape and Asymmetry Predict Choice Reaction Time Independent of Age, Diet or Exercise

Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

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Emergence of a left-right symmetric body plan in vertebrate embryos

Developmental instability, fluctuating asymmetry, and human psychological science

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