The Factor Structure of a Measure of Burnout Specific to Clergy, and Its Trial Application with Respect to Some Individual Personal Differences

The Oswald Clergy Burnout Scale: Reliability, Factor Structure and Preliminary Application Among Australian Clergy

“…Some of these variables were significant predictors, but all were extremely small in magnitude. This finding strengthens the view that, in so far as members of the clergy may be particularly susceptible to burnout, its occurrence is more likely to be associated with individual differences in personality and personal predispositions, as already demonstrated in the studies by Hills, Francis, and using other measures of clergy burnout.…”

“…Davey (1995) drew attention to the difficulties experienced by the clergy in matching performance to role expectations and considered that clergy are particularly susceptible to feeling overworked and unappreciated, and that their particular skills will be overlooked and underused. Hills, Francis, and Rutledge (2004) have examined the performance of a 30-item version of the MBI with items appropriately reworded to be relevant to the work and work experiences of the clergy. In its initial form the scale was not entirely satisfactory, but successive exploratory and confirmatory analyses combined with the stepwise removal of ambiguous or poorly fitting items produced a refined 20-item, three factor scale with satisfactory psychometric properties.…”

Work-Related Psychological Health among Clergy Serving in the Presbyterian Church (USA): Testing the Idea of Balanced Affect

“…A series of studies has reported findings employing this modified form of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in the United Kingdom among Roman Catholic priests engaged in parochial ministry (Francis, Louden, & Rutledge, 2004;Francis, Turton, & Louden, 2007) and among Anglican parochial clergy (Francis & Rutledge, 2000;Francis & Turton, 2004a, 2004bRandall, 2004Randall, , 2007Rutledge, 2006;. The modified Maslach Burnout Inventory for use among clergy has been further modified and refined by Hills, Francis, and Rutledge (2004). Challenging Maslach's three dimensional model of burnout, Francis, Kaldor, Robbins, and Castle (2005) argued that a more empirically economic and theoretically coherent model of clergy work-related psychological health could be developed from Bradburn's (1969) classic notion of 'balanced affect', according to which positive affect and negative affect are not opposite ends of a single continuum, but two separate continua.…”

Testing the Balanced Affect Model of Clergy Work-Related Psychological Health: Drawing on the U.S. Congregational Life Survey

“…This model conceptualizes and assesses professional burnout as comprising three components, styled emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (in its original or modified form) has been employed in a series of studies among clergy, including work reported by Warner and Carter (1984), Strümpfer and Bands (1996), Rodgerson and Piedmont (1998), Stanton-Rich and Iso-Ahola (1998), Virginia (1998), Francis and Rutledge (2000), Evers and Tomic (2003), Golden, Piedmont, Ciarrocchi, and Rodgerson (2004), Francis, Louden, and Rutledge (2004), Turton (2004a, 2004b), Randall (2004Randall ( , 2007, Hills, Francis, and Rutledge (2004), Raj and Dean (2005), Rutledge (2006), Miner (2007aMiner ( , 2007b, Doolittle (2007), Francis, Turton, and Louden (2007), Turton and Francis (2007), Chandler (2009), Joseph, Corveleyn, Luyten, andde Witte (2010), Buys and Rothmann (2010), Parker andMartin (2011), andde Witte (2011).…”