The factors affecting depression, anxiety and perceived social support level of pregnant women who have the diagnosis of preterm labor

Abstract

ÖzetGebelik döneminde depresyon ve kaygının, gebelik ve doğum komplikasyonlarını artırdığı, yeni doğanın sağlığını olumsuz etkilediği, erken doğuma, düşük doğum ağırlığına ve intrauterin gelişme geriliğine neden olduğu bildirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı preterm eylem tanısı alan gebelerde kaygı, depresyon ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. AbstractIt has been reported that depression and anxiety in pregnancy period improves pregnancy and childbirth complications, affect adverse on the health of the newborn, premature birth, low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors affecting anxiety, depression and perceived social support level of pregnant women who had diagnosed preterm delivery. The study design is descriptive. The study consists of 113 pregnant women between June 1 to August 31, 2010 at Ege University Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Obstetrics Service and the Ministry of Health Dr. Ekrem Hayri Üstündağ Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. For data collection of the study, the individual identification form prepared in accordance with relevant literature, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) was applied using face-to-face interview technique. The data have been analyzed using t-test and one-way ANOVA. It has been determined that BDI scores were 24.92±10.40, TAI scores were 45.81±8.75, SAI scores were 49.68±7.41, and MSPSS scores were 49.15±15.90 of pregnant women who have preterm labor. In conclusion, depression scores were moderate, anxiety scores were high and perceived social support scores were moderate of pregnant women diagnosed preterm labor. It is recommended that the nurses and midwives should assess depression and anxiety on these pregnant women and plan interventions to increase social support.

Psychosocial Adaptation and Depressive Manifestations in High‐Risk Pregnant Women: Implications for Clinical Practice

“…() reported in a study with high‐risk pregnancies that 58% of the pregnant women showed manifestations of depression. In a study by Sen and Sirin (), moderate depression was observed in pregnant women who were diagnosed with preterm labor, whereas in the present study, incidence of depression was found to be 57%, consistent with the previous studies.…”

Determination of Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women Living in Rural Areas

“…The mean CAS scores of pregnant women at 35 weeks who stated that they did not get help from their relatives during pregnancy were found to be statistically significantly higher than those who stated that they got help from their relatives (p<0,05) (Table 3). Being aware of the fact that in case social support, which can affect the health of mother and baby positively or negatively during pregnancy, is insufficient, it causes psycho-social problems (Sen and Sirin, 2013). In the research done by Mermer, Bilge, Yucel, and Ceber (2010), it was found that the need for social support is high in pregnant women who have an elementary family both during pregnancy and in the postpartum period (Mermer et al, 2010).…”

Anxiety of Pregnant Women Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Coping Methods

“…The main reasons reported by the pregnant women for having anxiety included transmitting COVID-19 infection to the baby, getting the virus, fear of dying, the possibility of malformation/sequalae in the baby due to the infection and the risk of developing the disease in the baby (21.6%). In the literature, studies report that the anxiety associated with the negative effects of COVID-19 infection on the fetus can cause psychological fluctuations and serious psychological problems during pregnancy, that anxiety occurs during pregnancy as pregnant women focus on their babies rather than themselves, and that pregnant woman have fear of losing their babies during pregnancy, causing them to feel hopeless and helpless (15,18,29). Therefore, pregnant women should be monitored more carefully in terms of the increased risk of psychological diseases specific to the postpartum period.…”

“…During the present days of COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women are psychologically worn out due to restriction of freedom, anxiety and fear, including fear of losing their baby, separation from the baby after birth, being unable to breastfeed the baby, and death, which may harm both themselves and their fetus. The risk of both infant complications such as low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction and fetal distress, and maternal complications such as premature birth, bleeding and prolonged/rapid labor increases due to the difficulties caused by pandemic-induced current and future anxiety in pregnant women (14)(15)(16)(17). Studies report that pregnant women who have anxiety disorders during pregnancy are more prone to depression after childbirth, therefore it is very important to diagnose prenatal anxiety disorders and apply proper treatments in order to prevent depression in the postpartum period (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

“…The risk of both infant complications such as low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction and fetal distress, and maternal complications such as premature birth, bleeding and prolonged/rapid labor increases due to the difficulties caused by pandemic-induced current and future anxiety in pregnant women (14)(15)(16)(17). Studies report that pregnant women who have anxiety disorders during pregnancy are more prone to depression after childbirth, therefore it is very important to diagnose prenatal anxiety disorders and apply proper treatments in order to prevent depression in the postpartum period (14)(15)(16)(17). In order to prevent all these risks, it is important to provide pregnant women with necessary support in order to examine and reduce their anxiety during the pandemic (17).…”