The Family Paenibacillaceae

Mayilraj, Shanmugam; Stackebrandt, Erko

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30120-9_354

“…Besides, Paenibacillaceae within the class Bacilli was the third abundant population among all microbial producers contributing to the PLencoding genes in the fecal microbiome of yak. Some plant-associated Paenibacillaceae strains that may convert lignocellulosic biomass to useful products have been frequently detected in the compost microbial communities [33]. For instance, genomic analysis of the Paenibacillus strain P1XP2, which has been recently isolated from a commercial bioreactor degrading food waste, has uncovered genes coding for the enzymes involved in the breakdown of polysaccharides [34].…”

Section: Diversity Of Carbohydrate-degrading Enzymes and Microbial Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic insights into the diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak fecal microbial community

Gong

¹

,

Zhou

²

,

Luo

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Yaks are able to utilize the gastrointestinal microbiota to digest plant materials. Although the cellulolytic bacteria in the yak rumen have been reported, there is still limited information on the diversity of the major microorganisms and putative carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes for the degradation of complex lignocellulosic biomass in its gut ecosystem. Results: Here, this study aimed to decode biomass-degrading genes and genomes in the yak fecal microbiota using deep metagenome sequencing. A comprehensive catalog comprising 4.5 million microbial genes from the yak feces were established based on metagenomic assemblies from 92 Gb sequencing data. We identified a full spectrum of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, three-quarters of which were assigned to highly diversified enzyme families involved in the breakdown of complex dietary carbohydrates, including 120 families of glycoside hydrolases, 25 families of polysaccharide lyases, and 15 families of carbohydrate esterases. Inference of taxonomic assignments to the carbohydrate-degrading genes revealed the major microbial contributors were Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Prevotellaceae. Furthermore, 68 prokaryotic genomes were reconstructed and the genes encoding glycoside hydrolases involved in plant-derived polysaccharide degradation were identified in these uncultured genomes, many of which were novel species with lignocellulolytic capability. Conclusions: Our findings shed light on a great diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak gut microbial community and uncultured species, which provides a useful genetic resource for future studies on the discovery of novel enzymes for industrial applications.

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“…Besides, Paenibacillaceae within the class Bacilli was the third abundant population among all microbial producers contributing to the PL-encoding genes in the fecal microbiome of yak. Some plant-associated Paenibacillaceae strains that may convert lignocellulosic biomass to useful products have been frequently detected in the compost microbial communities [33]. For instance, genomic analysis of the Paenibacillus strain P1XP2, which has been recently isolated from a commercial bioreactor degrading food waste, has uncovered genes coding for the enzymes involved in the breakdown of polysaccharides [34].…”

Section: Diversity Of Carbohydrate-degrading Enzymes and Microbial Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic insights into the diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak fecal microbial community

Gong

¹

,

Zhou

²

,

Luo

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Yaks are able to utilize the gastrointestinal microbiota to digest plant materials. Although the cellulolytic bacteria in the yak rumen have been reported, there is still limited information on the diversity of the major microorganisms and putative carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes for the degradation of complex lignocellulosic biomass in its gut ecosystem. Results: Here, this study aimed to decode biomass-degrading genes and genomes in the yak fecal microbiota using deep metagenome sequencing. A comprehensive catalog comprising 4.5 million microbial genes from the yak feces were established based on metagenomic assemblies from 92 Gb sequencing data. We identified a full spectrum of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, three-quarters of which were assigned to highly diversified enzyme families involved in the breakdown of complex dietary carbohydrates, including 120 families of glycoside hydrolases, 25 families of polysaccharide lyases, and 15 families of carbohydrate esterases. Inference of taxonomic assignments to the carbohydrate-degrading genes revealed the major microbial contributors were Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Prevotellaceae. Furthermore, 68 prokaryotic genomes were reconstructed and the genes encoding glycoside hydrolases involved in plant-derived polysaccharide degradation were identified in these uncultured genomes, many of which were novel species with lignocellulolytic capability. Conclusions: Our findings shed light on a great diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak gut microbial community and uncultured species, which provides a useful genetic resource for future studies on the discovery of novel enzymes for industrial applications.

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“…The small intestine had the most abundant microbes in the three digestive sites, which is the main area where further digestion occurs and fermentation begins. The overrepresented Paenibacillaceae species were found with an optimum growth at pH 6.0-7.0[81].…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of the digestive/reproductive tract microbiota on chicken egg production beyond host genetics

Li

¹

,

Tian

²

,

Zhu

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

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Background: The microbiota of the digestive and reproductive systems has a prominent role in animal health and performance, but the extent of its contribution is difﬁcult to determine. In chickens, the effect of host genetics on the reproductive and digestive tract microbiota is unclear, and the means by which digestive/reproductive microbiomes help improve egg production in chicken are unknown.Results: To gain insight into this, we examined genomes from 128 chickens reared under identical conditions and described their digestive (crop, gizzard and small intestine) and reproductive tract (vagina, uterus and isthmus) microbiota. Although the diversity, composition and predicted function of the digestive and reproductive tract microbiota exhibited notable microbiota variation substantially between different parts, host genetics had limited effects on the reproductive and digestive tract microbial community. The digestive and reproductive tract microbiota had a significant effect on egg production (accounting for 52.31% - 98.86% of the variance), after correcting for host genetic effects; in particular, the uterus and isthmus microbiota accounted for an average of 93.59% and 98.86%, respectively, of variance in egg production. We further identiﬁed four reproductive tract microbial species which were related to immune system, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides salanitronis, Bacteroides barnesiae and Clostridium leptum, that were signiﬁcantly positively correlated with egg production. Chickens with a lower abundance of these species had produced signiﬁcantly fewer eggs at 300 days of age (37.13 vs. 113.75) than those with a higher abundance of these microorganisms. These taxa indicate potential roles play in promoting reproductive performance. Especially uterus and isthmus tract microbiota were major factors in regulating the chicken egg production.Conclusions: Host genetics has limited effect on digestive/reproductive microbiome composition. The distinct site-associated chicken microbiome may be determined by the differences of their physical function. These ﬁndings may help design strategies for controlling and altering the digestive/reproductive tract microbiota in chickens to improve egg production.

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The Family Paenibacillaceae

Cited by 12 publications

References 82 publications

Metagenomic insights into the diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak fecal microbial community

Metagenomic insights into the diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak fecal microbial community

Metagenomic insights into the diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in the yak fecal microbial community

Influence of the digestive/reproductive tract microbiota on chicken egg production beyond host genetics

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