The Family Safety Net of Black and White Multigenerational Families

Park, Sung S.; Wiemers, Emily E.; Seltzer, Judith A.

doi:10.1111/padr.12233

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Since racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in multigenerational households exist, the association between multigenerational households and suspected COVID-19 case rates in our analysis may help to explain related disparities in COVID illness burden seen both in NYC and across the United States. 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between overcrowded households, multigenerational households, and COVID-19: a cohort study

Ghosh

Venkatraman

Soroka

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Introduction: The role of overcrowded and multigenerational households as a risk factor for COVID-19 remains unmeasured. The objective of this study is to examine and quantify the association between overcrowded and multigenerational households, and COVID-19 in New York City (NYC). Methods: We conducted a Bayesian ecological time series analysis at the ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) level in NYC to assess whether ZCTAs with higher proportions of overcrowded (defined as proportion of estimated number of housing units with more than one occupant per room) and multigenerational households (defined as the estimated percentage of residences occupied by a grandparent and a grandchild less than 18 years of age) were independently associated with higher suspected COVID-19 case rates (from NYC Department of Health Syndromic Surveillance data for March 1 to 30, 2020). Our main measure was adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of suspected COVID-19 cases per 10,000 population. Our final model controlled for ZCTA-level sociodemographic factors (median income, poverty status, White race, essential workers), prevalence of clinical conditions related to COVID-19 severity (obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, asthma, smoking status, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and spatial clustering. Results: 39,923 suspected COVID-19 cases presented to emergency departments across 173 ZCTAs in NYC. Adjusted COVID-19 case rates increased by 67% (IRR 1.67, 95% CI = 1.12, 2.52) in ZCTAs in quartile four (versus one) for percent overcrowdedness and increased by 77% (IRR 1.77, 95% CI = 1.11, 2.79) in quartile four (versus one) for percent living in multigenerational housing. Interaction between both exposures was not significant (βinteraction = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99-1.00). Conclusions: Over-crowdedness and multigenerational housing are independent risk factors for suspected COVID-19. In the early phase of surge in COVID cases, social distancing measures that increase house-bound populations may inadvertently but temporarily increase SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk and COVID-19 disease in these populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between overcrowded households, multigenerational households, and COVID-19: a cohort study

Ghosh

Venkatraman

Soroka

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…AAB families are more likely to live in intergenerational households, and older family members are more likely to play a key role in the day-to-day of AAB adolescents. [8][9][10] Prior studies have highlighted the influence of the Church on providing social support and promoting positive health behaviors within AAB communities. [11][12][13] We also found evidence to suggest that institutional distrust, as well as mis-information related to side effects, may affect vaccine confidence (in addition to the fear of needles, a common fear among adolescents).…”

Section: …[My Friends] Just Don't Trust the Government Or The Systems And The Fact That They Think That [The Vaccine Is] Gonna Be Chippedmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine Sentiments Among African American or Black Adolescents in Rural Alabama

Budhwani

Maycock

Murrell

et al. 2021

Journal of Adolescent Health

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…Research has shown that White middle‐aged adults tend to provide more support to their adult children than to their older parents, whereas Black middle‐aged adults tend to provide more support to their aging parents than to their adult offspring (Fingerman et al, 2011; Park, 2018). Furthermore, research has shown that Black families often have more living generations and greater potential support needs but fewer resources compared to White families (Park et al, 2019).…”

Section: Multigenerational Social Support Exchanges and The Covid‐19 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multigenerational social support in the face of the COVID‐19 pandemic

Gilligan

Suitor

Rurka

et al. 2020

J of Family Theo & Revie

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Research documents high levels of instrumental, financial, and expressive support exchanges within multigenerational families in the 21st century. The COVID‐19 pandemic poses unique challenges to support exchanges between the generations; however, the pandemic may provide opportunities for greater solidarity within families. In this review, we draw from theoretical perspectives that have been used to study family relationships to understand the implications of the pandemic for multigenerational families: the life course perspective, the intergenerational solidarity model, and rational choice/social exchange theory. We review literature on multigenerational relationships in the United States and discuss how established social support patterns and processes may be altered by the COVID‐19 pandemic. We reflect on how the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on multigenerational relationships may vary by gender, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Finally, we provide directions for future researchers to pursue in order to understand the lasting impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on multigenerational ties.

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The Family Safety Net of Black and White Multigenerational Families

Cited by 34 publications

References 77 publications

Association between overcrowded households, multigenerational households, and COVID-19: a cohort study

Association between overcrowded households, multigenerational households, and COVID-19: a cohort study

COVID-19 Vaccine Sentiments Among African American or Black Adolescents in Rural Alabama

Multigenerational social support in the face of the COVID‐19 pandemic

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