The Fascias of the Forehead and Temple Aligned—An Anatomic Narrative Review

Ingallina, Fabio; Alfertshofer, Michael; Schelke, Leonie; Velthuis, Peter; Frank, Konstantin; Mardini, Samir; Millesi, Elena; Ehrl, Denis; Green, Jeremy B.; Cotofana, Sebastian

doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2022.01.006

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Ingallina et al recently identified the innominate facia overlying the loose areolar tissue of the temple cranially to the ITS. 23,24 The assumed innominate fascia was histologically observed between the superficial temporal fascia and the sDTF in the upper temporal compartment. This fascial layer did not extend caudal to the ITS and showed parallel fibers to the superficial temporal fascia (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical relationship between the inferior temporal septum and the temporal branch of the facial nerve for clinical applications

Lee

Kim

et al. 2023

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical relationship between the inferior temporal septum and the temporal branch of the facial nerve for clinical applications

Lee

Kim

et al. 2023

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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“…Furthermore, the frontal rami transition superficially at the SMAS level, reaching the underside of the orbicularis oculi and frontalis muscles. 4 A broad range of tumor types can arise within these layers, including neoplasms, hamartomas, malformations, and benign or malignant cysts. 5 Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the world's most prevalent type of skin cancer, accounting for 80% of all facial skin cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining Functionality in Temporal Skin Tumor Surgery: A Focus on Nerve Injury and Excision Margins

Al-Aswad,

Fernandez-Diaz,

Abdelrazek

et al. 2024

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background: Operating on temporal cutaneous tumors is challenging because of the intricate facial nerve system, particularly the frontal branches, and the possibility of brow dysfunction. Surgery for deep margin clearance is difficult because of the fragile and sensitive soft tissue in the temporal region. To address this research gap, this study assessed clearance margins, types of skin tumors, and nerve injuries in this critical anatomical position. This retrospective study assessed temporal skin cancer surgery, malignancy types, and clearance margins in patients with frontal-branch facial nerve injuries. Methods: Forty-five patients with temporal skin carcinoma biopsies were analyzed. The deep and peripheral excision margins of skin malignancies were examined. Medical records were reviewed for clinically injured frontal nerve. Results: Thirty-four patients were men (75%), and basal cell carcinoma was the most prevalent histological malignancy, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 77.8 years (39–107 years). Two patients experienced damage to the frontal branch nerve. Twenty-six percent of the skin malignancies had inadequate deep margin excision. Conclusions: Removing temporal skin lesions is difficult. We discovered a 26% and 4% probability of inadequate deep margin excision and frontal branch facial nerve injury, respectively. Temporal skin lesions must be removed safely by surgeons to preserve the branches of the facial nerves. Insufficiently removed tumors require multidisciplinary teamwork and patient discussions regarding the advantages and risks to improve results.

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“…The connective tissue or fascia is the subject of constant study and investigation. In the surgical field, it is necessary to know the layers that constitute the specific area of the operation to avoid iatrogenic damage; to give an example, from a surgical view, the temple area alone is divided into 13 layers, from the skin to the periosteum [ 4 ]. Knowing the different depths of the tissues allows the surgeon to anesthetize an anatomical region correctly or help the patient reduce post-surgery pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fascial Nomenclature: Update 2024

Bordoni,

Escher,

Castellini

et al. 2024

Cureus

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The fascial system is the focus of multiple scientific disciplines, and its nomenclature is debated. What tissue should fall under the definition of fascia? Considering university anatomy books where what is considered connective tissue is described as a fact, and through the science of embryology, which allows us to identify the origin of different body tissues, the article reviews and updates the fascial nomenclature. The text is not a point of arrival but rather a basis from which to start again, with the aim of understanding the function of the fascial continuum in the living. The history of fascial nomenclature in historical and modern contexts is reviewed, including the scientific perspective of the Foundation of Osteopathic Research and Clinical Endorsement (FORCE) organization. The latter has no profit-making purposes and does not hold any copyright.

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The Fascias of the Forehead and Temple Aligned—An Anatomic Narrative Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Anatomical relationship between the inferior temporal septum and the temporal branch of the facial nerve for clinical applications

Anatomical relationship between the inferior temporal septum and the temporal branch of the facial nerve for clinical applications

Maintaining Functionality in Temporal Skin Tumor Surgery: A Focus on Nerve Injury and Excision Margins

Fascial Nomenclature: Update 2024

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