The fate of production in the central Arctic Ocean – top–down regulation by zooplankton expatriates?

Olli, Kalle; Wassmann, Paul; Reigstad, Marit; Ratkova, Tatjana; Арашкевич, Е. Г.; Pasternak, A. F.; Matrai, Patricia A.; Knulst, Johan; Tranvik, Lars J.; Klais, Riina; Jacobsen, Anita

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2006.08.002

Cited by 115 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Phytoplankton communities inhabiting West Spitsbergen fjords appear to be more diverse in terms of taxonomic composition than those in open marine waters surrounding the archipelago (Owrid et al 2000;Hegseth and Sundfjord 2008). Fjord associations are also substantially different from the diatom-dominated Margina Ice Zone (MIZ) blooming assemblages known in the Barents Sea (Olli et al 2002;Ratkova and Wassmann 2002;Olli et al 2007), other Arctic shelf areas (Sakshaug 2004), polynyas (Lovejoy et al 2002), the Central Arctic Basin (where assemblages are dominated by relatively small and often unidentified flagellates), or the coastal waters of western Greenland . Kongsfjorden is more diverse in microplankton and macrophytobenthic species than Hornsund due to the advection of Atlantic Waters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subba Rao and Platt estimates were followed by those of Gosselin et al (1997) and Arrigo et al (2008). More recent data were published by, Olli et al (2007), Hill et al (2013), Matrai et al (2013) and Fernández-Méndez et al (2015). Primary production in the Barents Sea shelf was studied by, Sakshaug (2004) and Loeng et al (2005), and primary production across the entire Arctic shelf was studied by Pabi et al (2008), whereas primary production in the Arctic Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) has been reported by, Sakshaug and Skjoldal (1989), Falk-Petersen et al (2000), Ratkova and Wassmann (2002) and Wassmann et al (2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Smoła¹,

Tatarek²,

Wiktor³

et al. 2017

Polish Polar Research

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Hornsund and Kongsfjorden are two similar-sized Arctic fjords on the West coast of Spitsbergen. They are influenced by cold coastal Arctic water (Hornsund) and warmer Atlantic water (Kongsfjorden). Environmental conditions affect the timing, quantity, spatial distribution (horizontal and vertical) of spring and summer blooms of protists as well as the taxonomic composition of those assemblages. Here, we compile published data and unpublished own measurement from the past two decades to compare the environmental factors and primary production in two fjord systems. Kongsfjorden is characterized by a deeper euphotic zone, higher biomass and greater proportion of autotrophic species. Hornsund seems to obtain more nutrients due to the extensive seabird colonies and exhibits higher turbidity compared to Kongsfjorden. The annual primary production in the analysed fjords ranges from 48 g C m -2 y -1 in Kongsfjorden to 216 g C m -2 y -1 in Hornsund, with a dominant component of microplankton (90%) followed by macrophytes and microphytobenthos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Smoła¹,

Tatarek²,

Wiktor³

et al. 2017

Polish Polar Research

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“…6) Potential ingestion rates ranged from 59 to 171 mg C m -2 day -1 (Stns 1216 and 421, respectively). These ingestion rates could represent underestimations due to potential coprophagy/coprorhexy, as these processes can strongly reduce the vertical export of fecal pellets (Wexels Olli et al 2007). These estimates indicate that the mesozooplankton could have ingested between 6% (Stn 1208) and 96% (Stn 421) of the daily primary production during summer 2008, with a regional mean of 29% ± 34% (data not shown).…”

Section: Changes Observed In Summer 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

Summertime primary production and carbon export in the southeastern Beaufort Sea during the low ice year of 2008

2011

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Following the extreme low ice year of 2007, primary production and the sinking export of particulate and gel-like organic material, using short-term particle interceptor traps deployed at 100 m, were measured in the southeastern Beaufort Sea during summer 2008. The combined influence of early ice retreat and coastal upwelling contributed to exceptionally high primary production (500 ± 312 mg C m -2 day -1 , n = 7), dominated by large cells ([5 lm, 73% ± 15%, n = 7). However, except for one station located north of Cape Bathurst, the sinking export of particulate organic carbon (POC) was relatively low (range: 38-104 mg C m -2 day -1 , n = 12) compared to other productive Arctic shelves. Estimates indicate that 80% ± 20% of the primary production was cycled through large copepods or the microbial food web. Exopolymeric substances were abundant in the sinking material but did not appear to accelerate POC sinking export. The use of isotopic signatures (d 13 C, d 15 N) and carbon/nitrogen ratios to identify sources of the sinking material was successful only at two stations with a strong marine or terrestrial signature, indicating the limitations of this approach in hydrographically and biologically complex Arctic coastal waters such as in the Beaufort Sea. At these two stations influenced by either coastal upwelling or erosion, the composition and magnitude of particulate sinking fluxes were markedly different from other stations visited during the study. These observations underscore the fundamental role of mesoscale circulation patterns and hydrodynamic singularities on the export of particulate organic material on Arctic shelves.

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“…Amongst the Arctic tipping elements, zooplankton play a fundamental role in food webs, linking primary producers and microheterotrophs with large consumers (Hjort, 1914;Tande and Båmstedt, 1985;Loeng and Drinkwater, 2007), modulating by grazing and respiration the final destination of biogenic carbon (Hirche et al, 1991;Olli et al, 2007), and contributing via excretion to regenerate the nutrient pool available for phytoplankton (Sterner, 1990;Alcaraz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature on the metabolic stoichiometry of Arctic zooplankton

et al. 2013

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We assessed the relationship between zooplankton metabolism (respiration and inorganic N and P excretion) and "in situ" temperature through a grid of stations representing a range of natural temperature variation during the ATOS-Arctic cruise (July 2007). The objective was to explore not only the direct effects of temperature on zooplankton carbon respiratory losses (hereafter CR) and NH4-N and PO4-P excretion rates (hereafter NE and PE, respectively), but also to investigate whether these metabolic pathways responded similarly to temperature, and so how temperature could affect the stoichiometry of the metabolic products. Metabolic rates, normalised to per unit of zooplankton carbon biomass, increased with increasing temperature following the Arrhenius equation. However, the activation energy differed for the various metabolic processes considered. Respiration, CR, was the metabolic activity least affected by temperature, followed by NE and PE, and as a consequence the values of the CR : NE, CR : PE and NE : PE atomic quotients were inversely related to temperature. The effects of temperature on the stoichiometry of the excreted N and P products would contribute to modifying the nutrient pool available for phytoplankton and induce qualitative and quantitative shifts in the size, community structure and chemical composition of primary producers that could possibly translate to the whole Arctic marine food web

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The fate of production in the central Arctic Ocean – top–down regulation by zooplankton expatriates?

Cited by 115 publications

References 101 publications

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Summertime primary production and carbon export in the southeastern Beaufort Sea during the low ice year of 2008

Effects of temperature on the metabolic stoichiometry of Arctic zooplankton

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