The feasibility of using Udonella sp. (Platyhelminthes: Udonellidae) as a biological control for the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi, Boxshall and Bravo 2000, (Copepoda: Caligidae) in southern Chile

Marín, Sandra L.; Sepúlveda, Fabiola; Carvajal, Juan; George-Nascimento, Mario

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(01)00715-3

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similar results were reported by Carvajal et al (2001) in another association of Caligus and Udonella . The explanation for these results is that udonellids have an attenuated haptor composed of a cup-shaped suction cup, devoid of hooks or septa, by which it attaches to the host, Caligus sp., by suction (Marin et al, 2002; Fuentes et al, 2009), instead of a haptor armed with anchors and marginal hooks, and/or staples supported by sclerites (Bruno et al, 2006). Soft structures do not seem to produce mechanical damage (cell atrophy, necrosis, erosion, ulceration) at the site of attachment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between an ectoparasitic copepod (Caligus sp.) and the monogenean Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835 on a catfish population

et al. 2017

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We analysed the association between a monogenean (Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835) and its copepod host (Caligus sp.) living on a wild population of Arius herzbergii Bloch, 1794 in a north-eastern coastal lagoon from Venezuela. This study characterized infestation levels and analysed the effects of monogeneans on the fecundity and hatching success of the copepod host, as well as damage to its egg capsules and genital complex. A total of 218 Caligus specimens were analysed (94 males, 110 females and 14 immature stages) in which a total of 1017 monogeneans were found. These included 311 mature stages and 706 egg capsules. Monogenean stages were found attached to the cephalothorax, abdomen, genital complex and egg capsules of the copepods. No significant differences were found in fecundity and egg hatching when infested and non-infested ovigerous females were compared. No damage was observed on egg capsules or genital areas of infested ovigerous females. Our results suggest that this association, at the level of prevalence and intensity observed, is closer to commensalism than parasitism. The importance of considering that the nature of interaction is dynamic and changing with environmental conditions and time scale is highlighted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, other authors, such as Carvajal et al (2001) and Marin et al . (2002), have found that the fecundity and egg hatching of the host are not affected, and the egg capsules or genital complex of the host are not damaged. Therefore, these authors have concluded that this association may be labelled as commensalism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between an ectoparasitic copepod (Caligus sp.) and the monogenean Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835 on a catfish population

et al. 2017

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“…The feasibility of using Udonella sp . as a biological control was also studied, but the results showed that it did not affect the survival or fecundity of C. rogercresseyi 95 . Therefore, at present, the regulatory authority (Sernapesca) has prioritized the use of non‐pharmacological treatments over chemicals in order to reduce the volume of antiparasitic products used to control sea lice, as was observed in Norway 96 .…”

Section: Sea Lice Control Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The management of the sea lice in Chile: A review

Bravo

Treasurer²

2023

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Sea lice infestations have the largest economic and biological impact on salmon farming in Chile, similar to that seen in salmon‐producing countries in the northern hemisphere. Caligus teres infesting coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) was first recorded in 1981, but Caligus rogercresseyi has been the predominant species infesting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from 1997. In contrast, coho salmon has been shown to be resistant to this sea louse species. Regulations to establish integrated pest management of sea lice were implemented by the Chilean authority in 2007. However, to date, pharmacological medicines have been the main tool used by the salmon farming industry in Chile to manage sea lice, although non‐pharmacological treatments have been available since 2016. Production of farmed salmon reached 978.274 tons in 2021 and 7.72 g of medicines was prescribed per ton of harvested salmon. The highest volumes used in that year were Azamethiphos (47%) and hexaflumuron (45.5%), in addition to 5532 tons of hydrogen peroxide. This review updates the current management of sea lice in Chile and also summarizes the biological knowledge of this important parasite.

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“…The descriptive analysis and graphical tools suggest a spatial and temporal pattern in the prevalence and the growth rate (the definition of the case is at C. rogercresseyi abundance > 3). The prevalence of C. rogercresseyi increased from 11.69% (95% CI: 7.82, 15.56%) at the beginning of the epidemic in February 2013 to 30 2). Incidence estimates considered 3,612 new cases (case per time unit [week]) during 5 years of observation, with a peak in April 2013.…”

Section: Data Exploration and Descriptive Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several investigations in loss of sensitivity, resistance, and chemical control failure suggest that frequently repeated exposure to these ingredients could change C. rogercresseyi molecular mechanisms of detoxification, transport the drugs along the biological membrane, and limit the ability to penetrate the copepod cuticle (21,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Biological control methods are being explored in Chile, with no significant effect either on the fecundity or survival of C. rogercresseyi (30).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Factors Associated With Caligus rogercresseyi Infection, Abundance, and Spatial Distribution in Southern Chile

Lepe-López

Escobar-Dodero

Rubio³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Sea lice (Caligus rogercresseyi) are external parasites that affect farmed salmonids in Chile, and the scale of their sanitary and economic impact cannot be overstated. Even though space–time patterns suppose parasite aggregation, specific locations related to different infestation levels, as well as their associated factors across the geographic range involved, had not been investigated as of the writing of the present article. The understanding of the effects and factors entailed by the presence of C. rogercresseyi may be deemed a key element of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). In the present study, the multivariate spatial scan statistic was used to identify geographic areas and times of C. rogercresseyi infestation and to estimate the factors associated with such patterns. We used official C. rogercresseyi monitoring data at the farm level, with a set of 13 covariates, to provide adjustment within the analyses. The analyses were carried out for a period of 5 years (2012–2016), and they included three fish species (Salmo salar, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and Oncorhynchus kisutch) in order to assess the consistency of the identified clusters. A retrospective multinomial, spatial, and temporal scan test was implemented to identify farm clusters of either of the different categories of C. rogercresseyi infested farms: baseline, medium, and high, based on the control chemical threshold established by the health authority. The baseline represents adequate farm performance against C. rogercresseyi infestation. Then, production and environmental factors of the medium and high infestation farms were compared with the baseline using regression techniques. The results revealed a total of 26 clusters (p < 0.001), of which 12 correspond to baseline, 1 to medium, and the remaining 13 to high infestation clusters. In general, baseline clusters are detected in a latitudinal gradient on estuarine areas, with increasing relative risks to complex island water systems. There is a spatial structure in specific sites, north of Los Lagos Region and central Aysén Region, with high infestation clusters and epidemic peaks during 2013. In addition, average weight, salmon species, chemotherapeutants, latitude, temperature, salinity, and year category are factors associated with these C. rogercresseyi patterns. Recommendations for an IPM plan are provided, along with a discussion that considers the involvement of stock density thresholds by salmon species and the spatial structure of the efficacy of chemical control, both intended to avoid the advance of resistance and to minimize environmental residues.

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The feasibility of using Udonella sp. (Platyhelminthes: Udonellidae) as a biological control for the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi, Boxshall and Bravo 2000, (Copepoda: Caligidae) in southern Chile

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Association between an ectoparasitic copepod (Caligus sp.) and the monogenean Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835 on a catfish population

Association between an ectoparasitic copepod (Caligus sp.) and the monogenean Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835 on a catfish population

The management of the sea lice in Chile: A review

Epidemiological Factors Associated With Caligus rogercresseyi Infection, Abundance, and Spatial Distribution in Southern Chile

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