The Female Offender: Girls, Women, and Crime

Chesney‐Lind, Meda; Pasko, Lisa

doi:10.4135/9781452232157

Cited by 224 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Secondly, we found the overwhelming majority of perpetrators to be male (from 51% in psychological violence to 76% in sexual violence). This is in line with the general literature on aggressive behavior, which suggests that men are much more likely to engage in physical and sexual aggression than women (Chesney-Lind & Pasko, 2003). It is worth noting that, about 70% of coaching staff in sport clubs in Flanders (Belgium) and the Netherlands is male, which means that the exposure to males is significantly higher than exposure to females in sport (Oomens & van der Linden, 2015;Vlaamse Trainersschool, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Profiling perpetrators of interpersonal violence against children in sport based on a victim survey

Vertommen

Kampen

Veldhoven

et al. 2017

Child Abuse & Neglect

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The current article reports on perpetrator characteristics gathered in the first large-scale prevalence study on interpersonal violence against children in sport in the Netherlands and Belgium. Using retrospective web survey design, 4043 adults answered questions on their experiences in youth sport. The study looks at the number of perpetrators as well as individual descriptive characteristics (sex, age, and role in the sport organization) of perpetrators of psychological, physical and sexual violence as reported retrospectively by victim-respondents. This information was then clustered to provide an overview of the most common perpetrator profiles. Results show that in all types of interpersonal violence in sport, perpetrators are predominantly male peer athletes who frequently operate together in (impromptu) groups. Several differences between the three types of interpersonal violence are highlighted. While incidents of physical violence perpetrated by coaches tend to be less severe compared to those by other perpetrators, acts of sexual violence committed by a coach are significantly more severe. The presented findings shed new light on perpetrators of interpersonal violence in sport, nuancing the predominant belief that the male coach is the main perpetrator while providing nuanced information that can be utilized to improve prevention and child protection measures and other safeguarding initiatives in sport.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Profiling perpetrators of interpersonal violence against children in sport based on a victim survey

Vertommen

Kampen

Veldhoven

et al. 2017

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…Female adolescents have reported both higher incidents of any trauma victimization (Cuevas et al, 2013) and polyvictimization (Ford et al, 2012). Females have reported higher levels of physical abuse (Sedlack et al, 2010), sexual abuse (Abrams et al, 2004), and emotional abuse (Chesney-Lind & Pasko, 2004) than males. Female adolescents are also more likely to experience a mental health problem related to their trauma experiences than males (Kerig et al, 2012).…”

Section: Trauma Prevalence By Demographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Needs Among Adolescents Involved With the Juvenile Justice System

Duron

Williams‐Butler

Mattson³

et al. 2021

J Interpers Violence

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Justice-involved adolescents typically report high levels of lifetime trauma exposure, although research on juvenile justice system-wide screenings is limited. Further, there is little evidence from research on the psychological and substance abuse treatment related needs of youth relative to the trauma levels or types of trauma experienced by justice-involved adolescents. We documented lifetime exposure to traumatic events and its relation to psychological and substance use concerns in a sample of adolescents admitted to custody in the New Jersey Juvenile Justice Commission. This study examined lifetime exposure to traumatic events experienced by justice-involved adolescents (N = 627) using negative binomial regression modeling and zero-inflated negative binomial regression modeling to identify which adolescents have the greatest trauma exposure, and determine how cumulative types of trauma relate to youths’ mental health and substance use needs. Adolescents reported experiencing an average of 4 of 17 traumatic exposures on the Life Events Checklist. The most common traumas experienced directly and indirectly were physical assault and assault with a weapon. Considering particular traumas, there were differences in exposures based on race and ethnicity, sex, child welfare involvement, and gang affiliation. Higher levels of some types of traumatic exposure were consistently related to higher levels of mental health needs. Results indicate that adolescents enter the juvenile justice system with high levels of polytraumatization. These adverse events are associated with elevated mental health and substance use needs that should be considered in case planning.

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“…Another interesting finding is that the public typically either overestimates or closely estimates female arrest prevalence across demographic groups. There has long been a point of concern with gender expectations and crime, with differential and harsher responses to girls and women relative to boys and men (Chesney-Lind and Pasko 2012;Visher 1983). However, we are not able to determine why the accuracy of public perceptions of arrest prevalence diverges for males versus females, nor can we decipher what effects it might have.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Race, Criminal Records, and Discrimination Against Job Seekers: Examining Attitudinal Mechanisms

Denver

Pickett

2021

Social Currents

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Regardless of why it happens, racial discrimination is damaging and unacceptable. Efforts to reduce discrimination, however, are most successful when we understand the mechanisms that give rise to it. Building on the observation that employers are members of the public, we examine two attitudinal mechanisms that may foster discriminatory employment practices in the context of criminal background checks: stereotypes and threat-based animus. First, we estimate public perceptions of arrest prevalence using two nationwide surveys. Next, we experimentally test the effects of two racially threatening primes—Census projections about a coming majority-minority America, and information about the prison population’s racial composition—on attitudes toward hiring job applicants with criminal records. Consistent with statistical discrimination theory, respondents identify black males as having the highest arrest prevalence. Respondents are less accurate, however, when it comes to gender differences: they underestimate arrest prevalence for black, Hispanic, and white males, and tend to overestimate it for females. On the other hand, our experiments provide little evidence of an effect of threat-based animus: racially threatening primes that are influential in other contexts do not significantly impact attitudes about hiring applicants with criminal records.

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The Female Offender: Girls, Women, and Crime

Cited by 224 publications

References 0 publications

Profiling perpetrators of interpersonal violence against children in sport based on a victim survey

Profiling perpetrators of interpersonal violence against children in sport based on a victim survey

Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Needs Among Adolescents Involved With the Juvenile Justice System

Race, Criminal Records, and Discrimination Against Job Seekers: Examining Attitudinal Mechanisms

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