The fine structure of the ependymal surface of the recessus infundibularis in the rat

Martinez-Martinez, P.F.A.; Deweerd, H

doi:10.1007/bf00318929

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Among these, serotonergic fibers have been described as originating from the raphe nuclei with nerve terminals located in the CSF. These fibers are thought to release their content differentially from several parts of the ventricular walls of the mammalian ventricular system into the flowing CSF [111,112,117-121] (Fig 3C). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A: Partially ensheathed fibers and terminal arborizations; B: cellular structures with short fiber extensions, on the ventricular surface of the ependymal cells; Fig 3C: a schematic diagram of the ependymal layer with supra- and subependymal cellular structures contacting the CSF at the ventricular side of the layer; the * indicates a supraependymal terminal extending into the CSF, as described for serotonergic fibers. Figs 3A and 3B were reprinted from [121], with permission of Springer-Verlag. Fig 3C was kindly provided by Prof. B. Vigh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The regulation of brain states by neuroactive substances distributed via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review

Veening

Barendregt

2010

Fluids Barriers CNS

143

112

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The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system provides nutrients to and removes waste products from the brain. Recent findings suggest, however, that in addition, the CSF contains message molecules in the form of actively released neuroactive substances. The concentrations of these vary between locations, suggesting they are important for the changes in brain activity that underlie different brain states, and induce different sensory input and behavioral output relationships.The cranial CSF displays a rapid caudally-directed ventricular flow followed by a slower rostrally-directed subarachnoid flow (mainly towards the cribriform plate and from there into the nasal lymphatics). Thus, many brain areas are exposed to and can be influenced by substances contained in the CSF. In this review we discuss the production and flow of the CSF, including the mechanisms involved in the regulation of its composition. In addition, the available evidence for the release of neuropeptides and other neuroactive substances into the CSF is reviewed, with particular attention to the selective effects of these on distant downstream receptive brain areas. As a conclusion we suggest that (1) the flowing CSF is involved in more than just nutrient and waste control, but is also used as a broadcasting system consisting of coordinated messages to a variety of nearby and distant brain areas; (2) this special form of volume transmission underlies changes in behavioral states.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The regulation of brain states by neuroactive substances distributed via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review

Veening

Barendregt

2010

Fluids Barriers CNS

143

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Scanning electron microscopy of central nervous system cerebrospinal-fluid-contacting surfaces: A bibliography (1963-1995)

Mitchell

Ham

1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Supraependymal neurons overlying the periventricular region of the third ventricle of the guinea pig: A correlative scanning—transmission electron microscopic study

Mitchell

Card

1978

Anat. Rec.

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The frequency of occurrence, distribution and morphology of supraependymal neurons associated with the third ventricular wall of the guinea pig were investigated by correlative scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Each of the specimens was located on the ciliated ventricular wall between the inferior border of the thalamus and the non-ciliated ependyma associated with the median eminence. Prominent clusters of neuronal perikaria in association with massive process bundles were observed in 7 of the 31 specimens examined. In those specimens lacking prominent neuronal networks a more diffuse array of independent nerve fibers was sometimes seen on the ependymal surface. Neuronal perikaria exhibited numerous surface protrusions and were covered by a rich meshwork of crisscrossing, varicosed fibers. Many of these cells were associated with multiple processes of varying diameters and lengths which either coursed independently over the ventricular surface or formed fasciculated bundles. As process bundles traversed the ependymal surface, individual processes branched off and either terminated within the ventricular lumen or penetrated the subjacent ependymal lining. Fibers also made contact with adjacent supraependymal neuronal elements. Correlative transmission electron microscopic observations indicate that both the perikaria and processes of such supraependymal networks possess ultrastructural features characteristic of neurons. The morphological characteristics of the intraventricular neuronal networks suggest that they may be engaged in functional interactions with the cerebrospinal fluid, with adjacent supraependymal neuronal elements and with the subjacent neuropil.

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The fine structure of the ependymal surface of the recessus infundibularis in the rat

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

The regulation of brain states by neuroactive substances distributed via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review

The regulation of brain states by neuroactive substances distributed via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review

Scanning electron microscopy of central nervous system cerebrospinal-fluid-contacting surfaces: A bibliography (1963-1995)

Supraependymal neurons overlying the periventricular region of the third ventricle of the guinea pig: A correlative scanning—transmission electron microscopic study

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