The fine structure of the collar cells in the optic tentacles of Helix aspersa

Rogers, D. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00336420

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The collar cells are oval-shaped and are as large as 70 pm across (Kataoka, 1976); the delta cells are generally spherical and measure no more than 39 pm in diameter. Further, the distal process of the collar cell terminates as a duct at the surface of the epithelium (Rogers, 1969). This was never seen in the delta cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuronal elements in snail tentacles as revealed by horseradish peroxidase backfilling

Chase

Kamil

1983

J. Neurobiol.

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The snail tentacle ganglion is a prominent structure that innervates an epithelial pad sensitive to wind and odors. Its neural composition, and that of the sensory pad, was studied in the terrestrial snail Achatina fulica by applying horseradish peroxidase to the distal end of the cut tentactle nerve. Five types of neurons were labelled by the procedure: receptors, located in the subepithelial region; three kinds of interneurons, located in the ganglion and its digitlike extensions; and a bipolar neuron, located in the dermo-muscular wall of the tentacle. In contrast to earlier descriptions based on silver stains, the present results demonstrate the presence of neurons of large size (soma diameters up to 46 microns). Also, contrary to earlier interpretations, the results indicate that all five identified cell types send axons directly to the CNS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuronal elements in snail tentacles as revealed by horseradish peroxidase backfilling

Chase

Kamil

1983

J. Neurobiol.

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“…The first comprises interneurons of the tentacular ganglion and its digit-like extensions. The second group contains the sensory cells of the sensory pad and neurons of the dermal "collar" (Rogers 1969). Sensory cells lie beneath the epithelium and are grouped into the sensory lobules.…”

Section: Cnp-containing Elements In Tentaclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The posterior tentacles (ommatophores) are involved in wind and odor perception (Chase 1981;Chase and Croll 1981), whereas the smaller anterior tentacles (rhinophores) are thought to be involved in contact chemoreception (Chase and Croll 1981). The gross structure of the anterior and posterior tentacles is similar, although the number of neurons and their types are slightly different (Rogers 1971;Wright 1974;Chase and Kamil 1983;Ito et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Primary sensory neurons containing command neuron peptide constitute a morphologically distinct class of sensory neurons in the terrestrial snail

Ierusalimsky

Balaban

2007

Cell Tissue Res

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In the central nervous system of the terrestrial snail Helix, the gene HCS2, which encodes several neuropeptides of the CNP (command neuron peptide) family, is mostly expressed in cells related to withdrawal behavior. In the present work, we demonstrate that a small percentage (0.1%) of the sensory cells, located in the sensory pad and in the surrounding epithelial region ("collar") of the anterior and posterior tentacles, is immunoreactive to antisera raised against the neuropeptides CNP2 and CNP4, encoded by the HCS2 gene. No CNP-like-immunoreactive neurons have been detected among the tentacular ganglionic interneurons. The CNP-like-immunoreactive fiber bundles enter the cerebral ganglia within the nerves of the tentacles (tentacular nerve and medial lip nerve) and innervate the metacerebral lobe, viz., the integrative brain region well-known as the target area for many cerebral ganglia nerves. The procerebral lobe, which is involved in the processing of olfactory information, is not CNP-immunoreactive. Our data suggest that the sensory cells, which contain the CNP neuropeptides, belong to a class of sensory neurons with a specific function, presumably involved in the withdrawal behavior of the snail.

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“…Most of the olfactory inputs from sensory neurons are synaptically relayed at the tentacular ganglion and enter into the procerebrum whereas mechanosensory afferents are thought to directly project into the metacerebrum, a distinct part of the cerebral ganglion (Rogers, 1971;Ierusalimsky and Balaban, 2010). The procerebrum, therefore, serves as a third-order level of olfactory information processing (see A pair of procerebra: Structure and function of procerebra).…”

Section: R Matsuo and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two pairs of tentacles and a pair of procerebra: optimized functions and redundant structures in the sensory and central organs involved in olfactory learning of terrestrial pulmonates

Matsuo

Kobayashi

Yamagishi

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryTerrestrial pulmonates can learn olfactory-aversion tasks and retain them in their long-term memory. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory, researchers have focused on both the peripheral and central components of olfaction: two pairs of tentacles (the superior and inferior tentacles) and a pair of procerebra, respectively. Data from tentacleamputation experiments showed that either pair of tentacles is sufficient for olfactory learning. Results of procerebrum lesion experiments showed that the procerebra are necessary for olfactory learning but that either one of the two procerebra, rather than both, is used for each olfactory learning event. Together, these data suggest that there is a redundancy in the structures of terrestrial pulmonates necessary for olfactory learning. In our commentary we exemplify and discuss functional optimization and structural redundancy in the sensory and central organs involved in olfactory learning and memory in terrestrial pulmonates.

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The fine structure of the collar cells in the optic tentacles of Helix aspersa

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Neuronal elements in snail tentacles as revealed by horseradish peroxidase backfilling

Neuronal elements in snail tentacles as revealed by horseradish peroxidase backfilling

Primary sensory neurons containing command neuron peptide constitute a morphologically distinct class of sensory neurons in the terrestrial snail

Two pairs of tentacles and a pair of procerebra: optimized functions and redundant structures in the sensory and central organs involved in olfactory learning of terrestrial pulmonates

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